Comparison of starch accumulation and enzyme activity in grains of wheat cultivars differing in kernel type

Dai, Zhongmin; Yin, Yue; Wang, Zhenlin

doi:10.1007/s10725-008-9331-2

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…DNA microarray data showed that a group of starch synthesis-related genes had higher mRNA expressions in the SS than in IS during grain filling, which including the SUS genes SUS2, SUS3 , and SUS4 , the UGPase gene UGP1 , the AGPase genes AGPS1, AGPS2, AGPL2 , and AGPL3 , the GBSS gene GBSSI , the SSS genes SSI and SSIIa , the SBE genes BEI and BEIIb (Zhu et al, 2011). Meanwhile, low activities of the starch synthesis enzymes, i.e., SUS, AGPase, SSS, and GBSS activities, were also observed in the inferior grains during grain filling in the rice and wheat plants (Jiang et al, 2003; Dai et al, 2009; Tang et al, 2009; Yang and Zhang, 2010). Thus, low mRNA levels, protein abundant and enzyme activities of starch synthesis pathway may be the key limiting factors for inferior grain filling, which reduced the conversion of sugars to starch, since the carbohydrate supply are comparable at the early beginning of grain filling in the IS and SS (Yang et al, 2006; Zhu et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SWATH-MS Quantitative Analysis of Proteins in the Rice Inferior and Superior Spikelets during Grain Filling

Zhu

Chen

et al. 2016

Front. Plant Sci.

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Modern rice cultivars have large panicle but their yield potential is often not fully achieved due to poor grain-filling of late-flowering inferior spikelets (IS). Our earlier work suggested a broad transcriptional reprogramming during grain filling and showed a difference in gene expression between IS and earlier-flowering superior spikelets (SS). However, the links between the abundances of transcripts and their corresponding proteins are unclear. In this study, a SWATH-MS (sequential window acquisition of all theoretical spectra-mass spectrometry) -based quantitative proteomic analysis has been applied to investigate SS and IS proteomes. A total of 304 proteins of widely differing functionality were observed to be differentially expressed between IS and SS. Detailed gene ontology analysis indicated that several biological processes including photosynthesis, protein metabolism, and energy metabolism are differentially regulated. Further correlation analysis revealed that abundances of most of the differentially expressed proteins are not correlated to the respective transcript levels, indicating that an extra layer of gene regulation which may exist during rice grain filling. Our findings raised an intriguing possibility that these candidate proteins may be crucial in determining the poor grain-filling of IS. Therefore, we hypothesize that the regulation of proteome changes not only occurs at the transcriptional, but also at the post-transcriptional level, during grain filling in rice.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SWATH-MS Quantitative Analysis of Proteins in the Rice Inferior and Superior Spikelets during Grain Filling

Zhu

Chen

et al. 2016

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Accompanying these changes, total starch accumulation decreases. Sucrose is the main carbon source transferred to grains , and sucrose synthase has a significant influence on starch synthesis in wheat grains . Sucrose degradation is the first step in the transformation of sucrose to starch .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of powdery mildew on wheat grain sugar metabolism and starch accumulation in developing grains

et al. 2014

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Powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Bgt) is a destructive disease responsible for yield reductions in wheat. In this study, we quantify the impacts on grain starch accumulation and yield of different wheat cultivars in response to powdery mildew under field conditions. A coupled spectrophotometer assay, enthrone colorimetric method, 2‐DE and MS/MS were used to analyse starch, total soluble sugars (TSS) and metabolic proteins, respectively. Results indicated that AM concentration increased significantly while AP and total starch concentrations decreased with the increase of powdery mildew severity. Powdery mildew suppressed the transformation of sugar to starch in wheat grains at the early infection stage, and there was insufficient substrate for starch synthesis in susceptible cultivars at the later infection stage. A proteomic analysis of metabolic protein showed that plastid α‐1,4‐glucan phosphorylase, sucrose synthase, β‐amylase and glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase related to starch synthesis were all down regulated and hence starch production was accordingly suppressed. Powdery mildew stress appeared to influence expression of starch synthesis‐related enzymes, repressed transformation of sugar to starch, and then inhibited starch (especially AP) synthesis, leading to yield losses.

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“…Conversely, the later-flowering inferior spikelets, commonly located on proximal secondary branches, are either sterile or fill slowly and poorly (Mohapatra et al 1993;Yang et al 2000a). There are many explanations for the physiological mechanism differences between the superior and inferior spikelets attributed mainly to the assimilate supply (Murty and Murty 1982;Fu et al 2011), hormone balance (Naik and Mohapatra, 1999;Yang et al 2006a;Zhang et al 2009), enzyme activities (Nakamura et al 1989;Kato et al 2007), and gene expressions (Dai et al 2009;Jiang et al 2003;Ishimaru et al 2003). Grain filling is generally believed to be a process, regulated either genetically or environmentally (Yoshida 1972;Saini and Westgate 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abscisic acid, ethylene and antioxidative systems in rice grains in relation with grain filling subjected to postanthesis soil-drying

et al. 2014

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This study tested the hypothesis that abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene may mediate the effect of postanthesis soil drying on grain filling of rice (Oryza sativa L.) through regulating its anti-oxidative systems. Two rice cultivars were pot-grown and exposed, from 9 days post anthesis until maturity, to three soil drying treatments: well-watered (WW), moderate drying (MD), and severe drying (SD). The MD treatment, compared with the WW treatment, increased grain filling rate and the activities of CAT, POD, and SOD in superior and inferior spikelets, whereas the SD treatment decreased them. Both MD and SD treatments enhanced the grain contents of ABA, superoxide anion, and MDA, with a higher rise in the SD than in the MD. The MD treatment decreased ethylene evolution rate and 1-aminocycopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) content, whereas the SD treatment increased them. The ratio of ABA-ACC (ABA/ACC) was the highest under the MD and the lowest under the SD treatment. There was a significant positive correlation between the ABA content, the activities of CAT, POD, SOD, and ABA/ACC with the grain filling rate, while the levels of ethylene and ACC and the contents of superoxide anion and MDA correlated negatively with the parameter. Exogenous chemical application verified the roles of ABA and ethylene in grain filling. The results suggest that an increase in ABA and decrease in ethylene in the grains under post-anthesis moderate soil drying could enhance the anti-oxidative enzyme activities, thus reducing free radicals in grains and accelerating grain filling rate of rice.

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Comparison of starch accumulation and enzyme activity in grains of wheat cultivars differing in kernel type

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

SWATH-MS Quantitative Analysis of Proteins in the Rice Inferior and Superior Spikelets during Grain Filling

SWATH-MS Quantitative Analysis of Proteins in the Rice Inferior and Superior Spikelets during Grain Filling

Impacts of powdery mildew on wheat grain sugar metabolism and starch accumulation in developing grains

Abscisic acid, ethylene and antioxidative systems in rice grains in relation with grain filling subjected to postanthesis soil-drying

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