Comparison of speed-vacuum method and heat-drying method to measure brain water content of small brain samples

Sebastiani, Anne; Hirnet, Tobias; Jahn‐Eimermacher, Antje; Thal, Serge C.

doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.11.012

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For gene expression analysis thin coronal slices of both hemispheres were taken. Thereafter both hemispheres were weighed to assess their wet weight (WW) and then dried by speed vacuum as described in detail (Sebastiani et al, 2017) to determine the dry weight (DW). Tissue water content was obtained by (WW − DW)/WW × 100 [%].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiotensin II Receptor 1 Blockage Limits Brain Damage and Improves Functional Outcome After Brain Injury in Aged Animals Despite Age-Dependent Reduction in AT1 Expression

Timaru-Kast

Gotthardt

Luh

et al. 2019

Front. Aging Neurosci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a frequent pathology associated with poor neurological outcome in the aged population. We recently observed accelerated cerebral inflammation in aged mice in response to TBI. Candesartan is a potent specific inhibitor of angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) which limits cerebral inflammation and brain damage in juvenile animals after experimental TBI. In the present study, we show significantly lower posttraumatic AT1 mRNA levels in aged (21 months) compared to young (2 months) mice. Despite low cerebral At1 expression, pharmacologic blockade by treatment with candesartan [daily, beginning 30 min after experimental TBI by controlled cortical impact (CCI)] was highly effective in both young and aged animals and reduced histological brain damage by −20% after 5 days. In young mice, neurological improvement was enhanced by AT1 inhibition 5 days after CCI. In older animals, candesartan treatment reduced functional impairment already on day 3 after TBI and post-traumatic body weight (BW) loss was attenuated. Candesartan reduced microglia activation (−40%) in young and aged animals, and neutrophil infiltration (−40% to 50%) in aged mice, whereas T-cell infiltration was not changed in either age group. In young animals, markers of anti-inflammatory microglia M2a polarization [arginase 1 ( Arg1 ), chitinase3-like 3 ( Ym1 )] were increased by candesartan at days 1 and 5 after insult. In older mice 5 days after insult, expression of Arg1 was significantly higher independently of the treatment, whereas Ym1 gene expression was further enhanced by AT1 inhibition. Despite age-dependent posttraumatic differences in At1 expression levels, inhibition of AT1 was highly effective in a posttreatment paradigm. Targeting inflammation with candesartan is, therefore, a promising therapeutic strategy to limit secondary brain damage independent of the age.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiotensin II Receptor 1 Blockage Limits Brain Damage and Improves Functional Outcome After Brain Injury in Aged Animals Despite Age-Dependent Reduction in AT1 Expression

Timaru-Kast

Gotthardt

Luh

et al. 2019

Front. Aging Neurosci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A vacuum drying procedure was used for determining dry weight of brain as indicated by Sebastiani et al. ( 2017 ). …”

Section: Morphological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resveratrol mitigates the oxidative stress mediated by hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway

Gao

Wang

et al. 2018

Pharmaceutical Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) has a high morbidity and mortality rate. Resveratrol possesses numerous biological properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities. Objective: The current experiment investigates the neuroprotective efficacy of resveratrol (RESV) against HIE by modulating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in neonatal rats. Materials and methods: Seven-day-old pups (n = 48) were divided into four groups. Group-I rats receiving 2% DMSO saline (sham), group-II rats underwent unilateral carotid artery ligation and hypoxia (92% N2 and 8% O2) for 2.5 h (hypoxia-ischemia; HI), group-III and IV rats received 20 (RESV 20 + HI) or 40 mg/kg (RESV 40 + HI; group-IV) of RESV via intraperitoneal injection (ip), respectively, for 7 days prior to HI induction. Results: Pre-treatment with RESV (20 or 40) markedly reduced (p < 0.01) the cerebral oedema (86.23–71.26 or 65.24%), infarct area (33.85–19.81 or 14.30%), lipid peroxidation products, inflammatory markers [IL-1β 186–110 or 82; IL-6 255–146 or 103; TNF-α 310–204 or 137; NF-κB 205–115 or 91) p65 subunit] and significantly restored (p < 0.01) the antioxidative status by enhancing the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) 5.22–6.49 or 7.78; catalase (CAT) 51–55 or 59, superoxide dismutase (SOD) 2.5–3.05 or 3.25; through marked upregulation (p < 0.01) of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) 0.65–0.69 or 0.73; and nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) 0.73–0.86 or 0.91. Discussion and Conclusions: RESV displays its neurotherapeutic potential via upregulating the protein expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 signalling pathway and thereby attenuates oxidative stress and inflammatory response in HI-induced neonatal rats.

show abstract

“…Ischemic stroke was induced in mice by MCAO, as previously described. 24 Baicalin was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (MO) and dissolved in physiological saline. In order to verify the quality of baicalin, fingerprinting data were obtained by HPLC (Supplementary Figure 4S).…”

Section: Ischemic Stroke Model and Baicalin Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baicalin Administered Orally After Ischemia/Reperfusion Alleviated Brain Injury in Mice by Inhibiting Inflammation and Edema

Lee

Lim

et al. 2019

Natural Product Communications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Baicalin is a natural product isolated from Scutellaria genus and has been reported to have many different pharmacological activities, which include anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic effects. We investigated the effects of baicalin administered after I/R-induced brain injury in a mouse model. I/R-induced brain injury was induced by MCAO for 2 h. Baicalin was orally administered to mice once daily for 2 consecutive days after 2 h of reperfusion. Single daily oral administrations of baicalin at 10, 30, or 100 mg/kg/day for 2 consecutively days after I/R significantly reduced infarct volumes, edema indices, and water contents in mouse brains, serum levels of AQP-4. IL-1β, TNF-α, and ROS, and lipid peroxidation levels in brain ipsilateral hemispheres were suppressed by baicalin. This result is believed to be due to the anti-inflammatory effect of baicalin and its downregulation of AQP-4 protein expression in affected brain tissues after I/R-induced brain injury in mice.

show abstract

Comparison of speed-vacuum method and heat-drying method to measure brain water content of small brain samples

Abstract: The vacuum method is superior in terms of quantifying water content in small samples. In addition, vacuum-dried samples can also be used for subsequent analyses, e.g., PCR analysis.

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Angiotensin II Receptor 1 Blockage Limits Brain Damage and Improves Functional Outcome After Brain Injury in Aged Animals Despite Age-Dependent Reduction in AT1 Expression

Angiotensin II Receptor 1 Blockage Limits Brain Damage and Improves Functional Outcome After Brain Injury in Aged Animals Despite Age-Dependent Reduction in AT1 Expression

Resveratrol mitigates the oxidative stress mediated by hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway

Baicalin Administered Orally After Ischemia/Reperfusion Alleviated Brain Injury in Mice by Inhibiting Inflammation and Edema

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About