Comparison of social functioning in community‐living older individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a catchment area‐based study

Liempt, Saskia van; Dols, Annemiek; Schouws, Sigfried; Stek, Max L.; Meesters, Paul D.

doi:10.1002/gps.4490

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…4,5 Schizophrenia disrupts the social functioning of older patients more seriously than does bipolar disorder. 6 Therefore, after midlife, outcomes and long-term care needs in the community may vary between patients with schizophrenia and those with bipolar disorder. 7 Because social functioning in older SMI patients is affected by symptom severity, cognitive impairment, and physical health, patients with SMI after midlife may be considered as a more complex population than those in early life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,26 Most studies regarding older patients with SMI are carried out using Western samples, a mixed group of both community-dwelling and hospitalised patients, or patients with mixed ages at onset. 6 Because of a greater emphasis on outpatient care, the number of older community-dwelling bipolar and schizophrenic patients with onset at young age will rapidly increase. 27 Consistently high proportions (>75%) of Taiwanese patients with SMI living with their family members are reported in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in outcomes between older community‐dwelling patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia with illness onset at young age

et al. 2020

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Aim Older community‐dwelling patients with severe mental illness (SMI), particularly those with illness onset at young age, constitute a group of survivors with unique long‐term care needs. Using an Asian sample in Taiwan, we attempted to find out the differences in outcomes related to physical health, cognition, and social functioning between older community‐dwelling adults with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia with early age onset. Methods Community‐dwelling patients aged >50 years with bipolar I disorder or schizophrenia whose illness developed before the age of 40 years were recruited. Clinical data were obtained by reviewing all available medical records and by interviewing the patients and their reliable family members. Medical morbidities, Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics (CIRS‐G), and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scores were compared between the two groups. Results In total, 113 bipolar patients and 104 schizophrenic ones (mean ages = 59.8 and 59.2 years, respectively) became the final subjects. The rates of cognitive impairment (MMSE score <24) were comparable in bipolar disorder (26.5%) and schizophrenia (24.0%) and the mean MMSE scores did not significantly differ from each other. The concurrence (54.9%) of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the bipolar group was also similar to 51.0% in the schizophrenic one. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, the bipolar group exhibited significantly higher CIRS‐G total scores (95% confidence interval (CI) for odds ratio (OR) = 1.01–1.27), body mass index (95% CI for OR = 1.02–1.21), and GAF scores (95% CI for OR = 1.04–1.14). Conclusion Given better social functioning and the same cognitive function in older community‐dwelling patients with bipolar disorder, they may remain at higher risk for obesity and medical morbidity than schizophrenic patients. Treatments targeting cognitive impairment and CVDs across their life span are both necessary to promote the health of community‐dwellers with SMI.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in outcomes between older community‐dwelling patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia with illness onset at young age

et al. 2020

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“…The negative symptoms and chronic health problems associated with schizophrenia often appear early and therefore affect self-care, social functioning, interpersonal interactions, activities of daily living, and problem-solving abilities of these community-dwelling patients, even after treatment (Van Liempt, Dols, Schouws, Stek, & Meesters, 2017). Even when the positive symptoms of schizophrenia are not obvious, the prevalence of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome increases with age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Struggling With Aging and Illness: Life Experiences of Elderly Schizophrenia Patients in the Community of Taiwan

Liao

Rong

2020

IJSN

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Aims: The number of elderly patients with schizophrenia in Taiwan has increased significantly. Most Taiwanese patients with schizophrenia are community-dwelling and, if elderly, are at increased risk of mental illness and mental health problems. The life experiences of community-dwelling elderly patients dealing with schizophrenia in Taiwan have not been well studied. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of such patients through in-depth interviews.Methods: This qualitative study was carried out in psychiatric hospital day-care centers in Taiwan. We interviewed 16 patients (9 men and 7 women, mean age=60.43 years, SD=5.53 years). Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s method of analysis.Results: The five major themes pertaining to the life experiences of community-dwelling elderly schizophrenia patients were identified as: 1) living alone, feeling lonely, and caring for myself; 2) anxiety and pessimism about the future; 3) internal conflict and aging; 4) seeking help; 5) delaying needs and engaging in healthy activities.Conclusions: The community-dwelling elderly schizophrenia patients were worried about the deterioration of their health, loss of self-care ability with aging, and decreasing access to community support and resources while striving to maintain their lives in the community. Mental health care professionals should understand the needs and abilities of patients, and help them to continue to live in the community. In addition to accepting continuous treatment, the patients should be encouraged to maintain healthy behaviors as well as enhance functioning and quality of life.

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“…Reducing depressive symptoms and strengthening cognitive functioning can improve social functioning (van Liempt et al . ; Zhornitsky et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, people with schizophrenia can still experience the personal and social stressors of loneliness, anxiety, depression, keeping medical appointments, medication adherence, and conflict at home (Beebe 2010;Sung & Puskar 2006). Reducing depressive symptoms and strengthening cognitive functioning can improve social functioning (van Liempt et al 2017;Zhornitsky et al 2013). Coping strategies to handle life stressors and symptoms are more effective when people with schizophrenia have a repertoire of cognitive and instrumental approaches from which to draw (Phillips et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living with schizophrenia in rural communities in north‐east Thailand

Rujkorakarn

Buatee

Jundeekrayom

et al. 2018

Int J Mental Health Nurs

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In the rural villages of Thailand, rich social support networks exist that bond the community members to help each other. This study explored the barriers and facilitators of living with schizophrenia in Thai villages. A descriptive qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with individuals with schizophrenia, family members, and significant others. Content analysis of transcripts involved examining the data, recording observations, data reduction, and coding themes. Four main themes emerged from the narratives: (i) keep doing day-to-day activities as a way of life; (ii) support sustains day-to-day living; (iii) controlling medication side effects maintains daily living; and (iv) managing self maintains daily living. Self-regulation and social support are keys to moving from dependence to a normative life goal in rural communities. The patterns of living in the rural communities provide a strong social network as people with schizophrenia learn to lead successful lives. Using supportive families and community members as resources is an alternative and effective way of providing supportive care.

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Comparison of social functioning in community‐living older individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a catchment area‐based study

Cited by 17 publications

References 32 publications

Differences in outcomes between older community‐dwelling patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia with illness onset at young age

Differences in outcomes between older community‐dwelling patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia with illness onset at young age

Struggling With Aging and Illness: Life Experiences of Elderly Schizophrenia Patients in the Community of Taiwan

Living with schizophrenia in rural communities in north‐east Thailand

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