Comparison of Skin Prick Tests with In Vitro Allergy Tests in the Characterization of Horses with Recurrent Airway Obstruction

Tilley, Paula; Luis, Jose Paulo Sales; Ferreira, Mário B.

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2012.02.018

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…Numerous studies have addressed the potential value of intradermal allergen testing in the diagnostic approach to RAO. Although some studies have demonstrated an increased frequency and/or magnitude of skin responses in RAO-susceptible horses, compared with control horses, following intradermal injections of stable dust, mould extracts and various allergens [177][178][179][180][181][182], conflicting results have been obtained from other studies that failed to reveal any differences between the groups [183,184]. Consequently, the diagnostic value of this approach remains questionable and significantly less sensitive in a clinical setting than the diagnostic methods described above.…”

Section: Immunological Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent airway obstruction: A review

Pirie

2014

Equine Veterinary Journal

107

115

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Recurrent airway obstruction is a widely recognised airway disorder, characterised by hypersensitivity-mediated neutrophilic airway inflammation and lower airway obstruction in a subpopulation of horses when exposed to suboptimal environments high in airborne organic dust. Over the past decade, numerous studies have further advanced our understanding of different aspects of the disease. These include clarification of the important inhaled airborne agents responsible for disease induction, improving our understanding of the underlying genetic basis of disease susceptibility and unveiling the fundamental immunological mechanisms leading to establishment of the classic disease phenotype. This review, as well as giving a clinical overview of recurrent airway obstruction, summarises much of the work in these areas that have culminated in a more thorough understanding of this debilitating disease.

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Section: Immunological Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent airway obstruction: A review

Pirie

2014

Equine Veterinary Journal

107

115

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“…Since positivity is not specific for asthma but only identifies atopic status, confirmation of the clinical significance of the identified allergens in the pathogenesis of asthma should be pursued. To this aim, allergen avoidance is indicated [54] to observe the eventual remission of symptoms and prevention of exacerbations. However, avoidance strategies are not always feasible, since some aeroallergens are ubiquitous-in this case, the most accurate evaluation of the diagnostic value of IDT may be to compare these tests with the gold standard of induction of clinical disease by a provocative inhalation challenge using the identified allergens, which would provide more substantial evidence of their role as causative antigens [26,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intradermal Testing Results in Horses Affected by Mild-Moderate and Severe Equine Asthma

Feudo

Stucchi

Albertí

et al. 2021

Animals

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Equine asthma is an inflammatory respiratory disorder, classified as mild-moderate (MEA) and severe (SEA). SEA is characterized by recurrent exacerbations, consisting of dyspnea, coughing and exercise intolerance; MEA causes poor performance, occasional cough and mucus hypersecretion. Although a precise pathogenesis is not completely understood, allergic mechanisms are considered an important pathophysiological feature of equine asthma. In equine medicine, intradermal testing (IDT) is effective in identifying hypersensitivity to specific allergens. However, to date, the studies about IDT in asthmatic horses obtained contradictory results. This study aims to evaluate IDT responses in MEA and SEA horses and to identify the most significant allergens. Thirty-eight asthmatic horses were enrolled and underwent IDT using 50 allergens; reactions were evaluated at 30 min, 4, 24 and 48 h and were assigned a score from 0 to 4. In SEA horses, the most frequent and strongest reactions were observed at 30 min and 4 h, suggesting the involvement of type I hypersensitivity; in MEA horses, also type IV hypersensitivity seemed to play a major role. Insects, Dermatophagoides spp. and dog epithelium induced in MEA and SEA horses the most significant hypersensitivity responses and could therefore be considered as the main allergenic antigens in our geographic area.

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“…Our findings demonstrate that sIgE to A. siro , D. pteronyssinus , D. farinae and T. putrescentiae based on MAST results is good predictor of mite allergy in horses (AUC ranges 0.803–0.969) but to L. destructor showed lack of diagnostic value (0.467). Comparisons of serological test results (sIgE in sera) and IDT were previously performed in horses, mainly in the course of recurrent airway obstruction, [1819], skin hypersensitivity [2021] and insect hypersensitivity [324]. Morgan et al [23] assessed horses with seasonal and perennial symptoms of skin hypersensitivity and urticaria, demonstrating low concordance between IgE and IDT, except for grass allergens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Positive reactions were also observed in healthy control animals. Tilley et al [21] showed the highest compatibility between serological tests and the prick test for mites ( D. farinae ) among all groups of allergens. Thus, the sensitivity, specificity and agreement of the different IgE tests varied according to the group of allergens, the type of allergic disease and even individual allergen belonging to the same antigenic group what our study supports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of multiple allergen simultaneous (sIgE) testing compared to intradermal testing in the etiological diagnosis of atopic dermatitis in horses

et al. 2019

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Although intradermal testing (IDT) is commonly used in the etiological diagnosis of allergies, in vitro testing for specific IgE (sIgE) is an attractive alternative. Currently, new laboratory techniques in veterinary allergological practice, including multiple allergen simultaneous tests (MASTs), gradually supersede in vivo tests. Both, serological (sIgE) and IDTs in fourteen atopic Malopolski horses were performed. Correlation and agreement between test results were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that sIgE to Acarus siro had the best diagnostic performance (Area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.969), followed by Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (AUC = 0.844), Dermatophagoides farinae (AUC = 0.813) and Tyrophagus putrescentiae (AUC = 0.803). A significant positive correlation between IDT and MAST was found for A. siro (r S = 0.870; p = 0.00005), and D. farinae (r S = 0.657; p = 0.011). There was significant moderate agreement for 2 of 5 allergens, A. siro (κ = 0.569) and D. farinae (κ = 0.485) in semiquantitative assessment and significant fair to substantial agreement for 3 of 5 allergens, D. pteronyssinus (κ = 0.689), A. siro (κ = 0.569), D. farinae (κ = 0.432) in dichotomic assessment. Sensitivity ranged from 44% to 89%, depending on the allergen, while specificity was significantly higher for all allergens in MAST (60%-100%); the mean accuracy was 73% (manufacturer cutoff) and 77.4% (optimal cutoff) based on the Youden index. Compared with IDT, serological MAST showed good detection performance for 60% allergen sIgE in dichotomic assessment with substantial diagnostic capability, but careful clinical interpretation is needed for some allergens.

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Comparison of Skin Prick Tests with In Vitro Allergy Tests in the Characterization of Horses with Recurrent Airway Obstruction

Cited by 13 publications

References 52 publications

Recurrent airway obstruction: A review

Recurrent airway obstruction: A review

Intradermal Testing Results in Horses Affected by Mild-Moderate and Severe Equine Asthma

Evaluation of multiple allergen simultaneous (sIgE) testing compared to intradermal testing in the etiological diagnosis of atopic dermatitis in horses

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