Comparison of single photon emission computed tomography findings in cases of healthy adults and solvent-exposed adults

Franzblau, Alfred; Minoshima, Satoshi; Robins, Thomas G.; Garabrant, David H.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199701)31:1<4::aid-ajim2>3.0.co;2-1

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, solvent-exposed subjects exhibited significantly lower activation of the ACC and DLPFC and significantly worse performance on the N-Back task than did controls. Our findings of lower activity in the ACC and DLPFC of solvent-exposed workers compared with controls is consistent with studies that used nuclear tracer techniques such as single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) or PET and found reduced blood flow in these areas (Callender et al 1993; Fincher et al 1997; Haut et al 2000). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Occupational Solvent Exposure and Brain Function: An fMRI Study

Tang

Carpenter²,

Eaves³

et al. 2011

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: Deficits in cognitive function have been demonstrated among workers chronically exposed to solvents, but the neural basis for these deficits has not been shown.Objectives: We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to compare pathophysiological changes in brain function between solvent-exposed and control workers.Methods: Painters, drywall tapers, and carpenters were recruited from the International Union of Painters and Allied Trades, District Council 9 in New York City and District Council 21 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and from the Carpenters Union in New Jersey. Twenty-seven solvent-exposed and 27 control subjects of similar age, education, and occupational status completed the N-Back working memory test during fMRI. After controlling for confounders (age; lifetime marijuana, cocaine, and alcohol use; blood lead; symptoms of depression; verbal intelligence), voxelwise group analysis and regional activation levels were compared and then correlated with an index of lifetime solvent exposure.Results: Solvent-exposed workers’ performance on the N-Back was significantly worse than that of controls. Activation of the anterior cingulate, prefrontal, and parietal cortices—areas serving working memory function and attention—was also significantly lower for solvent-exposed workers relative to controls. After controlling for confounders, we observed a negative correlation between lifetime solvent exposure and activation in these same regions among the solvent-exposed workers.Conclusions: This study is one of the few to document neural structures affected by exposure to solvents. Our findings provide a biological mechanism for the neurobehavioral deficits in working memory and attention that have previously been reported by other groups studying the effects of chronic exposure to solvents. These imaging markers, which are consistent with the neurobehavioral measures in our subject population, are consistent with altered brain pathology caused by prolonged exposure to solvent mixtures during construction work.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Occupational Solvent Exposure and Brain Function: An fMRI Study

Tang

Carpenter²,

Eaves³

et al. 2011

Environ Health Perspect

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“…In one patient, PET and SPECT showed the same abnormalities, whereas in the other patient, PET detected more abnormal brain regions than SPECT. These results were confirmed by Fincher et al, who used 99m Tc-HMPAO SPECT to investigate cerebral blood flow in 25 subjects exposed to mixed organic solvents and 25 controls (Fincher et al 1997). They observed reduced early phase tracer uptake in temporal, frontal, and thalamic brain regions of solvent-exposed subjects, suggestive of impaired cerebral blood flow.…”

Section: Organic Solventssupporting

confidence: 62%

PET and SPECT Imaging of Neurotoxicity

Vries

Dierckx

Groot

2014

PET and SPECT in Neurology

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“…It has been hypothesized that the neurobehavioral changes observed in solvent exposure are consistent with temporal lobe or frontal lobe dysfunction or both (Ryan, Morrow, & Hodgson, 1988; White & Proctor, 1993). Functional imaging studies of a single case using F 18 –2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) as well as group studies using single photon emission computed tomography have demonstrated abnormalities in both the temporal and frontal lobes (Callender, Morrow, Subramanian, Duhon, & Ristovv, 1993; Fincher et al, 1997; Morrow et al, 1990).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Verbal working memory and solvent exposure: A positron emission tomography study.

Haut¹,

Leach²,

Kuwabara³

et al. 2000

Neuropsychology

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Neuropsychological studies have documented frontal dysfunction in patients with a history of exposure to organic solvents. The deficits typically observed in these patients appear to be related to working memory (WM). This study used [15O] water positron emission tomography (PET) to examine the pattern of neural activation during verbal working memory in patients with a history of exposure to solvents. Six individuals with solvent exposure were compared with 6 age- and education-matched controls. On the 2 WM tasks examined with PET, with equivalent task performance, participants with solvent exposure demonstrated frontal peaks that were atypical for the tasks, whereas the posterior peaks were typical for the tasks. The results support frontal dysfunction and compensatory use within anterior regions of the WM system in patients with solvent exposure.

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Comparison of single photon emission computed tomography findings in cases of healthy adults and solvent-exposed adults

Cited by 26 publications

References 24 publications

Occupational Solvent Exposure and Brain Function: An fMRI Study

Occupational Solvent Exposure and Brain Function: An fMRI Study

PET and SPECT Imaging of Neurotoxicity

Verbal working memory and solvent exposure: A positron emission tomography study.

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