Comparison of short- and long-term effects of different dietary fats on the hepatic uptake and metabolism of chylomicron remnants in rats

Lambert, Marc S.; Avella, Michael; Botham, Kathleen M.; Mayes, Peter A.

doi:10.1079/bjn19980032

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Little information is available, however, about the effects of dietary fats on the expression of the LRP. In our previous work [19,20,45], we found that feeding rats the corresponding fat in the diet altered the pattern of the differences in the hepatic uptake of chylomicron remnants of varying fatty acid composition. The present results, therefore, suggest that it is possible that these changes may be caused by induction or repression of the LDL receptor and/or the LRP by the various fat‐supplemented diets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fatty acid composition of chylomicron remnants influences their binding and internalization by isolated hepatocytes

Lambert¹,

Avella²,

Berhane³

et al. 2001

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The binding and internalization of 125 I-labelled chylomicron remnants derived from palm, olive, corn, or fish oil (rich in saturated, monounsaturated, n-6, or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, respectively) by hepatocytes from rats fed a low-fat diet or a diet supplemented with the corresponding fat for 21 days was investigated. In hepatocytes from rats fed the low-fat diet, the association of radioactivity with the cells at 4 8C (a measure of initial binding only) was similar with all types of remnants tested, but was more rapid at 37 8C (a measure of binding plus internalization) when fish oil, as compared to olive, corn or palm oil remnants, was used, and similar differences in the internalization of the particles were observed. In contrast, when hepatocytes from rats fed the fat-supplemented diets were used, the rate of association at 37 8C of remnants with cells from rats fed palm, corn or fish oil was similar, and higher than that found with cells from animals fed olive oil, and in this case these differences were mainly due to changes in the binding of the particles to the cells at 4 8C. Both excess low-density lipoprotein (LDL), which inhibits remnant uptake by the LDL receptor, and lactoferrin, which blocks the LDL receptor-related protein (LRP), were found to decrease the association of the remnants with cells from rats fed the lowfat and high-fat diets. However, in hepatocytes from animals given the low-fat diet, most of the differences between the various types of particle were retained in the presence of lactoferrin, but abolished in the presence of LDL. In contrast, in cells from rats fed the high-fat diets, the differences were reduced by both lactoferrin and LDL. These findings demonstrate that the hepatic uptake of chylomicron remnants is influenced both by the fatty acid composition of the particles, and by longer-term adaptive changes in liver tissue, and suggest that the former effects are mediated mainly by the LDL receptor, while the latter may involve both the LDL receptor and the LRP.Keywords: chylomicron remnants; dietary fat; LDL receptor; LDL receptor-related protein; hepatocytes.Fat and cholesterol from the diet are transported in the blood in triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins called chylomicrons and chylomicron remnants, and there is now considerable evidence to suggest that the remnant lipoproteins are strongly atherogenic [1]. Remnant particles have been shown to be taken up by the aorta in vivo as efficiently as LDL in rats and rabbits [1±3], and triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins have been isolated from human aortic intima and atherosclerotic plaque [4,5]. In addition, delayed clearance of chylomicron remnants from the circulation has been found to be correlated with the progression of atherosclerotic lesions [6±8].Chylomicron remnants arise from the hydrolytic action of lipoprotein lipase on chylomicrons, triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins which enter the blood from the intestine after a fat-enriched meal [9,10]. This process takes place in extrahepatic capillary beds and removes ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fatty acid composition of chylomicron remnants influences their binding and internalization by isolated hepatocytes

Lambert¹,

Avella²,

Berhane³

et al. 2001

European Journal of Biochemistry

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“…Decreasing carotenoid absorption when dispersed in PUFA was reported in rat (Clark et al, 2000). Moreover, in the rat, dietary lipids of plant origin, in contrast to those of animal origin, promote the accumulation of β-carotene in plasma (Alam et al, 1989) by influencing chilomicron metabolism (Lambert et al, 1998). The reason for this is not fully understood.…”

Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

Pigmenting efficacy of astaxanthin fed to rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss: Effect of dietary astaxanthin and lipid sources

2006

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The aim of the present experiment was to investigate the effect of two different dietary types of oil (fish oil (FI) and olive oil (OL)) on the pigmenting efficacy of astaxanthin from the green micro-algae Haematococcus pluvialis (ALG) (total amount of carotenoid pigments 32 mg kg − 1 on a dry weight basis of which astaxanthin accounted for 98.6%) and from the synthetic astaxanthin (AST) in terms of astaxanthin serum concentration, induced muscle colour, and astaxanthin muscle retention in rainbow trout for 6 weeks. Diets with different oil sources were well accepted by fish. At the end of the experiment there were no significant differences between fish fed different diets in final mean weight, specific growth rate, or feed conversion ratio. Fish fed AST showed higher (P b 0.05) serum concentrations than those fed ALG. Moreover fish fed diets OL displayed higher (P b 0.05) serum astaxanthin levels than those fed diets FI. Fish muscle colour parameters reacted differently according to fish feed. Over 6 weeks of feeding L⁎ compared to L⁎ of initial sampling time showed a decrease more marked for trout fed ASTFI than ALGFI. Fish fed ASTOL and ALGOL displayed intermediary values. On the contrary the other colour parameters increased except hue H(°) ab which did not show any change whatever diet was fed to the fish. Chroma C⁎, a⁎, and b⁎ data obtained for fish fed AST were higher than those obtained for fish fed ALG. Muscle astaxanthin concentrations were lower (P b 0.05) for fish fed algae than for those fed synthetic astaxanthin. After 6 weeks of experiment muscle astaxanthin levels were not different (P N 0.05) for fish fed olive or fish oil. Muscle astaxanthin retention was higher (P b 0.05) for fish fed AST than for fish fed ALG.

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“…Moreover, Rukkwamsuk et al (2000) have reported that the profile of fatty acids (FA) within the liver is dramatically changed when intracellular adipocyte lipolysis increases, thus changing the composition of fatty acids reaching the liver. Other experiments have demonstrated that dietary fat induces metabolic changes in laboratory rodents such as increased peroxisomal and mitochondrial β-oxidation of FA (Kumamoto and Ide, 1998), decreased esterification of FA (Malewiak et al, 1988), and altered profiles and clearance of plasma lipoproteins (Lambert et al, 1998). Most of these changes in lipid metabolism of rodents were observed during starvation or negative energy balance, which would be similar to the negative energy balance occurring after calving.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Transition Dairy Cows Fed Flaxseed

Petit

Palin

Doepel

2007

Journal of Dairy Science

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Thirty-three Holstein cows averaging 687 kg of body weight were allotted 6 wk before the expected date of parturition to 11 groups of 3 cows blocked within parity for similar calving dates to determine the effects of feeding different sources of fatty acids on blood parameters related to fatty liver and profile of fatty acids in plasma and liver. Cows were fed lipid supplements from 6 wk before the expected date of parturition until d 28 of lactation. Cows within each block were assigned to 1 of 3 isonitrogenous and isoenergetic dietary supplements: control with no added lipids (CO); unsaturated lipids supplied as whole flaxseed (FL; 3.3 and 11.0% of the dry matter in prepartum and postpartum diets, respectively); and saturated lipids supplied as Energy Booster (EB; 1.7 and 3.5% of the DM in prepartum and postpartum diets, respectively). Diets EB and FL had similar ether extract concentrations. Multiparous cows fed EB had lower dry matter intake and milk production, higher concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyrate in plasma and triglycerides (TG) and total lipids in liver, and lower concentrations of plasma glucose and liver glycogen than those fed FL and CO. Production of 4% fat-corrected milk was similar among treatments. Multiparous cows fed FL had the highest liver concentrations of glycogen on wk 2 and 4 after calving and lowest concentrations of TG on wk 4 after calving. Liver C16:0 relative percentages in multiparous cows increased after calving whereas those of C18:0 decreased. Relative percentages of liver C16:0 were higher in wk 2 and 4 postpartum for multiparous cows fed EB compared with those fed CO and FL; those of C18:0 were lower in wk 4 postpartum for cows fed EB compared with those fed CO and FL. Liver C18:1 relative percentages of multiparous cows increased after calving and were higher in wk 4 for cows fed EB compared with those fed CO and FL. The inverse was observed for liver C18:2 relative percentages. In general, diets had more significant effects on plasma concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and glucose and liver profiles of fatty acids, TG, total lipids, and glycogen of multiparous than primiparous cows. These data suggest that feeding a source of saturated fatty acids increased the risk of fatty liver in the transition cow compared with feeding no lipids or whole flaxseed. Feeding flaxseed compared with no lipids or a source of saturated fatty acids from 6 wk before calving could be a useful strategy to increase liver concentrations of glycogen and decrease liver concentrations of TG after calving, which may prevent the development of fatty liver in the transition dairy cow.

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Comparison of short- and long-term effects of different dietary fats on the hepatic uptake and metabolism of chylomicron remnants in rats

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

The fatty acid composition of chylomicron remnants influences their binding and internalization by isolated hepatocytes

The fatty acid composition of chylomicron remnants influences their binding and internalization by isolated hepatocytes

Pigmenting efficacy of astaxanthin fed to rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss: Effect of dietary astaxanthin and lipid sources

Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Transition Dairy Cows Fed Flaxseed

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