Comparison of setups for measuring the viscosity of coal ash slags for entrained-flow gasification

Laabs, Marcel; Ge, Zefeng; Kong, Lingxue; Bai, Jin; Guhl, Stefan; Meyer, Bernd

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121777

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…During the gasification process, pulverized coal or coal slurry is injected into the gasifier and quickly combusts and gasifies with the gasification agent. Among them, the organic materials in feedstock are converted into syngas (CO, H 2 , and CH 4 ), while the remaining inorganic minerals are melted into liquid slag under high temperature and pressure (>1300 °C and 3–8 MPa) and discharged along the slag port under gravity. − The slagging process of the Shell gasifier is illustrated in Figure . During the liquid slagging process, the slag layer on the gasifier wall is mainly composed of two parts: the stable solid phase slag layer that comes into contact with the refractory material and a flowing liquid phase slag layer that is exposed to the hot syngas.…”

Section: Liquid-slagging Process In An Entrained-flow Gasifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Perspectives of Ash Slag Fluidity during Co-gasification of Industrial Solid Waste and Coal: Characteristics, Chemistry, Controlling Mechanisms, and Regulation

Zhang,

Song,

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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The stable fluidity of slag at a high temperature is crucial for the long-period operation of an entrained-flow gasifier. The diversity and difference of coal ash make it difficult to meet the requirements for stable slagging in a gasifier. Consequently, coal blending or adding flux has been employed in the industry to improve the fluidity of coal ash slag. As a carbon-containing matrix, industrial solid waste is a kind of energy substance. Utilizing existing industrial gasifiers to blend combustion of industrial solid waste can not only transform industrial solid waste into fuel but also improve the entrained-flow gasifier slagging performance using the unique ash chemical composition of industrial solid waste. Therefore, sorting out the effect of industrial solid waste on coal ash slag fluidity can not only clarify the regulating mechanism of coal ash slagging but also provide some theoretical support for the large-scale consumption of industrial solid waste. In this review, the effects of acid-and alkali-rich industrial solid wastes and coal co-gasification on coal ash slag fluidity were reviewed from the perspectives of ash melting characteristics and viscosity−temperature characteristics, and the effect mechanism of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 (S/A), CaO, Fe 2 O 3 , and CaO−Fe 2 O 3 (Ca−Fe) compound fluxes on coal ash slag fluidity were elaborated from the viewpoint of mineral evolution and microstructure. Meanwhile, studies on the ash slag fluidity during the co-gasification of industrial solid waste and coal were prospected, which could afford theoretical guidance for the stable slagging of an entrained-flow gasifier and the resourceful treatment of industrial solid waste.

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Section: Liquid-slagging Process In An Entrained-flow Gasifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Perspectives of Ash Slag Fluidity during Co-gasification of Industrial Solid Waste and Coal: Characteristics, Chemistry, Controlling Mechanisms, and Regulation

Zhang,

Song,

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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“…The slag’s chemical composition and the gasifier’s operating temperature are critical parameters affecting the viscosity of the slag . The determination of ash fusion temperatures (AFTs) from coal ash samples is a standard method (e.g., ASTM (D 1857–87)) for preliminary investigations of the melting behavior of gasifiers slag. − However, melting multicomponent materials is a complex process continuously involving shrinkage, sintering, expansion, and melting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Minor Oxide and Residual Carbon on Coal Ash Crystallization Behavior and Slag Properties during Coal Gasification: Critical Literature Review and Thermodynamic Simulation

Listiyowati,

Santoso,

Sanwani

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Coal-ash-associated problems seriously limit the industrial application of entrained flow coal gasification. There have been many studies of this issue. However, many problems still need to be fully understood, especially regarding the effect of minor oxides and residual carbon on the crystallization of slag in coal ash systems. Crystals formed in slag affect the slag properties, especially its viscosity. This article reviews the crystallization behavior of coal ash slag and its impact on ash fusion temperature (AFT) and temperature of critical viscosity (Tcv). A thermodynamic simulation using FactSage 7.3 thermochemical software was performed to study the effect of minor oxides (i.e., Na2O, K2O, and TiO2) and residual carbon at a temperature range of 1000–1700 °C on the phase transformation in the oxide system. The literature review reveals that the minor oxides and residual carbon in coal ash affect the AFT and the coal slag’s Tcv. The thermodynamics simulation indicated that Na2O, K2O, and TiO2 tend to decrease Tcv, while the residual carbon increase Tcv.

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Correlation study between microstructure and fluidity of molten slag during co-gasification of coal and indirect coal liquefaction residue: Molecular dynamics simulation

Zhang

Wei

Bai

et al. 2022

Fuel

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Comparison of setups for measuring the viscosity of coal ash slags for entrained-flow gasification

Cited by 7 publications

References 51 publications

Review and Perspectives of Ash Slag Fluidity during Co-gasification of Industrial Solid Waste and Coal: Characteristics, Chemistry, Controlling Mechanisms, and Regulation

Review and Perspectives of Ash Slag Fluidity during Co-gasification of Industrial Solid Waste and Coal: Characteristics, Chemistry, Controlling Mechanisms, and Regulation

Effect of Minor Oxide and Residual Carbon on Coal Ash Crystallization Behavior and Slag Properties during Coal Gasification: Critical Literature Review and Thermodynamic Simulation

Correlation study between microstructure and fluidity of molten slag during co-gasification of coal and indirect coal liquefaction residue: Molecular dynamics simulation

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