Comparison of serum serotonin and serum 5-HIAA LC-MS/MS assays in the diagnosis of serotonin producing neuroendocrine neoplasms: A pilot study

Lindström, Mikael; Tohmola, Niina; Renkonen, Risto; Hämäläinen, Esa; Schalin‐Jäntti, Camilla; Itkonen, Outi

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2018.03.030

Cited by 36 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…To prevent niacin deficiency, patients' diets should be enriched with products such as fish, meat and legume seeds. If it is impossible to supplement the deficiency with nutrition, it is recommended to introduce supplementation [40,41]. In order to ensure an adequate supply of folates, green leafy vegetables and legumes should be included in the diet, and their dietary contribution is positively correlated with the level of folates in the plasma [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment and State of Nutrition of Patients with Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

et al. 2020

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Introduction: In recent decades, the number of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) cases, associated with coexisting metabolic disorders, has been continuously increasing. Patients with progressing neoplastic disease are at a risk of malnutrition. To improve the quality of life of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) patients, the therapeutic approach should be supported by a well-balanced diet. The aim of the study was to analyze the nutritional errors and deficits in a group of GEP-NET patients. Materials and methods: The study group included 26 GEP-NET patients; 13 men and 13 women. The mean age of women was 68.77 ± 8.0, and the mean age of men was 64.69 ± 8.1. Three interviews on consumption in the last 24 h were performed, in order to evaluate the quality and quantity of nutrition. The data was incorporated into a dietetics software, which allows one to calculate the number of over 58 micronutrients and macronutrients with the participation of 52 menus. Subsequently, the mean values were compared with the current nutritional standards. Results: An energy deficit was observed in the group of women—76.9%, and men—100%, as well as high fat consumption in 23.1% in both groups. The proportions of SFA/MUFA/PUFA were very negative, whereas the consumption of saccharose was too high. Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 100% of men and women. Moreover, both men and women experienced the deficiency of vitamin E, folates and niacin. The consumption of sodium and phosphorus was twice as high as recommended, and an insufficient supply of calcium was observed in 80% of women and 90% of men. The insufficient consumption of magnesium, iodine and potassium in a significant part of the studied group was observed. All participants consumed too much cholesterol and insufficient amounts of fiber. The healthy diet indicator (HDI) and diet quality index (DQI) scores were 3.1 ± 1.8 (HDI) and 3.7 ± 1.6 (DQI) for women, and 7.2 ± 2.6 (HDI) and 8.5 ± 2.4 (DQI) for men. Conclusions: When analyzing the nutrition of GEP-NET patients, we highlight that they do not have a proper diet, despite the fact that they changed the way they eat. Dietetics support and the development of official nutritional standards seem to be a necessary element in the therapy of GEP-NET patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment and State of Nutrition of Patients with Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

et al. 2020

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“…One such diet is the Mediterranean diet (MD), which could influence the reduction of the aggressiveness of different tumor types and tumor size [16,69]. The diet plays an important role in the initiation, promotion, and progression of cancers [70].…”

Section: The State and Methods Of Nutrition With Reference To The Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For many years, the measurement of serotonin metabolites such as 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in 24 h urine collection was sufficient for most purposes, and has been considered the best method in laboratory diagnostics for functioning NENs with carcinoid syndrome [16]. Unfortunately, this method has limitations, and the consumption of pineapples, bananas, eggplant, the common walnut, paracetamol, caffeine, and naproxen can lead to false positive results, while, on the other hand, in patients treated with acetylsalicylic acid, adrenocorticotropin, levodopa and phenothiazine derivatives, false negative results can occur.…”

Section: Nen Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Digestive Tract: Diagnosis, Treatment and Nutrition

et al. 2020

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Nuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a group of rare neoplasms originating from dispersed neuroendocrine cells, mainly of the digestive and respiratory tract, showing characteristic histology and immunoprofile contributing to classification of NENs. Some NENs have the ability to produce biogenic amines and peptide hormones, which may be associated with clinical syndromes like, e.g., the carcinoid syndrome caused by unmetabolized overproduced serotonin, hypoglycemic syndrome in case of insulinoma, or Zollinger-Ellison syndrome accompanying gastrinoma. Diagnostics for these include ultrasound with endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Different nuclear medicine procedures can also be used, like somatostatin analogues scintigraphy (SRS) and 68Ga-Dota-Peptide PET/CT, as well as biochemical methods to determine the level of general neuroendocrine markers, such as chromogranin A (CgA), 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA), synaptopfysin and cell type-specific peptide hormones, and neurotransmitters like gastrin, insulin, serotonin, and histamine. NENs influence the whole organism by modulating metabolism. The treatment options for neuroendocrine neoplasms include surgery, somatostatin analogue therapy, radionuclide therapy, chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapies, alpha-interferon therapy, and inhibitors of serotonin production. In the case of hypersensitivity to biogenic amines, a diet that limits the main sources of amines should be used. The symptoms are usually connected with histamine, tyramine and putrescine. Exogenic sources of histamine are products that take a long time to mature and ferment. Patients with a genetic insufficiency of the diamine oxidase enzyme (DAO), and those that take medicine belonging to the group of monoamine oxidases (MAO), are particularly susceptible to the negative effects of amines. Diet plays an important role in the initiation, promotion, and progression of cancers. As a result of the illness, the consumption of some nutrients can be reduced, leading to nutritional deficiencies and resulting in malnutrition. Changes in metabolism may lead to cachexia in some patients suffering from NENs. The aim of this narrative review was to advance the knowledge in this area, and to determine possibilities related to dietary support. The authors also paid attention to role of biogenic amines in the treatment of patients with NENs. We can use this information to better understand nutritional issues faced by patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs), and to help inform the development of screening tools and clinical practice guidelines.

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“…Comparable to other extraction techniques, in the case of SPME, the key extraction parameters, such as the type of SPME sorbent, pH and salinity of the sample, the type of extraction and desorption solution, the time of the extraction/desorption process and the temperature have to be optimized. For example, Lindstrom et al applied SPME before LC-MS/MS assays for the determination of serum 5-HT and 5-HIAA in the diagnosis of serotonin producing neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) [72]. In this study, 100 µL samples of serum were analysed on 96-well Oasis WCX μElution plates (SPME) and washed with a mixture of methanol/formic acid/water (30/5/65, v / v ).…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in the Quantification of Biogenic Amines in Biofluids as Biomarkers of Various Disorders: A Review

Plenis

Olędzka

Kowalski

et al. 2019

JCM

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Biogenic amines (BAs) are bioactive endogenous compounds which play a significant physiological role in many cell processes like cell proliferation and differentiation, signal transduction and membrane stability. Likewise, they are important in the regulation of body temperature, the increase/decrease of blood pressure or intake of nutrition, as well as in the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, hormones and alkaloids. Additionally, it was confirmed that these compounds can be considered as useful biomarkers for the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of several neuroendocrine and cardiovascular disorders, including neuroendocrine tumours (NET), schizophrenia and Parkinson’s Disease. Due to the fact that BAs are chemically unstable, light-sensitive and possess a high tendency for spontaneous oxidation and decomposition at high pH values, their determination is a real challenge. Moreover, their concentrations in biological matrices are extremely low. These issues make the measurement of BA levels in biological matrices problematic and the application of reliable bioanalytical methods for the extraction and determination of these molecules is needed. This article presents an overview of the most recent trends in the quantification of BAs in human samples with a special focus on liquid chromatography (LC), gas chromatography (GC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) techniques. Thus, new approaches and technical possibilities applied in these methodologies for the assessment of BA profiles in human samples and the priorities for future research are reported and critically discussed. Moreover, the most important applications of LC, GC and CE in pharmacology, psychology, oncology and clinical endocrinology in the area of the analysis of BAs for the diagnosis, follow-up and monitoring of the therapy of various health disorders are presented and critically evaluated.

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Comparison of serum serotonin and serum 5-HIAA LC-MS/MS assays in the diagnosis of serotonin producing neuroendocrine neoplasms: A pilot study

Abstract: Our LC-MS/MS assay for serum serotonin is well suited for clinical research and patient diagnostics. Our results confirm that it can complement 5-HIAA in diagnosis of NENs.

Cited by 36 publications

References 26 publications

Assessment and State of Nutrition of Patients with Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Assessment and State of Nutrition of Patients with Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

The Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Digestive Tract: Diagnosis, Treatment and Nutrition

Recent Trends in the Quantification of Biogenic Amines in Biofluids as Biomarkers of Various Disorders: A Review

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