Comparison of self-and other-report of symptoms of autism and comorbid psychopathology in adults with autism spectrum disorder

Pearl, Amanda; Edwards, Erin M.; Murray, Michael J.

doi:10.15761/cbhc.1000120

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Conversely, the values in SSk (k = 8) and QoL (k = 6) perceived by the parents are significantly lower than those of the children. These differences globally coincide with previous comparisons showing that parents tend to both overestimate the clinical problems of their kids (Moss et al, 2015;Pearl et al, 2016) and underestimate their level of Social skills and QoL (Knot et al, 2006). Besides, research on perceived needs of support of people with ASD-noID (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Validity of Self-Reports Provided by People With Autism Spectrum Disorder Without Intellectual Disability: A Meta-Analysis

2023

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Background: Literature collects that people with Autism Spectrum Disorder without Intellectual Disability (ASD-noID) frequently suffer co-occurring clinical problems that predict poorer adult outcome and reduce quality of life (QoL). Previous studies pose doubts about their capacity to recognize and communicate these problems, but that is an issue that, although relevant, has not yet been systematically revised. Method: A meta-analysis on 32 studies (1422 pairs of participants) was carried out to assess to what extent self-reports provided by people with ASD-noID match those provided by their parents. The articles were categorized according to the domains assessed and method. Results: Significant differences between self- and hetero-reports were found in the domains of Depression, QoL and Social skills (d= 0.406; -0.399 and -0.683, respectively), but not in Anxiety and Social anxiety. The average degree of agreement between both groups of reports was r = .40. Conclusions: Self- and hetero-reports do not provide interchangeable results on the problems of people with ASD-noID. However, a general inability to validate self-reporting cannot be attributed to them. Deeper analysis is necessary to allow to optimize the use of self-reports in this population with both clinical and research purposes. Antecedentes: La literatura recoge que en las personas con Trastorno del Espectro del Autismo sin discapacidad intelectual (TEA-noDI) concurren frecuentemente problemas clínicos que predicen peor ajuste en su vida adulta y reducen su calidad de vida (CdV). Estudios previos plantean dudas sobre la capacidad de estas personas para reconocer y comunicar estos problemas, pero esta cuestión, aunque relevante, no se ha revisado sistemáticamente. Método: Se realizó un meta-análisis sobre 32 estudios (1422 pares de participantes) para evaluar hasta qué punto los autoinformes aportados por personas con TEA-noDI coinciden con los aportados por sus padres. Los artículos se categorizaron en función de los dominios evaluados y el método. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre auto- y hetero-informes en los dominios de Depresión, CdV y Habilidades sociales (d = 0.406; -0.399 y -0.683, respectivamente), pero no en Ansiedad y Ansiedad social. El grado de acuerdo medio entre ambos grupos de evaluaciones fue r = .40. Conclusiones: Los autoinformes y los hetero-informes no proporcionan resultados intercambiables, pero no se puede atribuir a estas personas una incapacidad general para aportar autoinformes válidos. Se necesitan análisis más profundos que permitan optimizar el uso de autoinformes en esta población tanto con fines clínicos como de investigación.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Validity of Self-Reports Provided by People With Autism Spectrum Disorder Without Intellectual Disability: A Meta-Analysis

2023

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“…ADHD and ASD parent reports were chosen over self-reports for two reasons despite the fact that many young people were not living at home at the time of assessment. First, because there are doubts about the validity of selfreports of ADHD symptoms (Du Rietz et al, 2016) and ASD (Pearl, Edwards, & Murray, 2017); Second, to maintain continuity with previous analyses in the ERA study (Kennedy et al, 2017;Sonuga-Barke et al, 2017;Stevens et al, 2008). Crucially, there was no difference in correlations between symptoms and neuropsychological test performance for those living and those not living at home (see online Supplement 4).…”

Section: Adhd and Asd Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of childhood deprivation on adult neuropsychological functioning is associated with ADHD symptom persistence

et al. 2020

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Background Institutional deprivation in early childhood is associated with neuropsychological deficits in adolescence. Using 20-year follow-up data from a unique natural experiment – the large-scale adoption of children exposed to extreme deprivation in Romanian institutions in the 1980s –we examined, for the first time, whether such deficits are still present in adulthood and whether they are associated with deprivation-related symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods Adult neuropsychological functioning was assessed across five domains (inhibitory control, emotion recognition, decision-making, prospective memory and IQ) in 70 previously institutionalized adoptees (mean age = 25.3, 50% female) and 22 non-deprived UK adoptees (comparison group, mean age = 24.6, 41% female). ADHD and ASD symptoms were assessed using parent-completed questionnaires. Results Early institutionalization was associated with impaired performance on all tasks in adulthood. Prospective memory deficits persisted after controlling for IQ. ADHD and ASD symptoms were positively correlated. After controlling for ASD symptoms, ADHD symptoms remained associated with deficits in IQ, prospective memory, proactive inhibition, decision-making quality and emotion recognition. ASD symptoms were not independently associated with neuropsychological deficits when accounting for their overlap with ADHD symptoms. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the link between childhood deprivation and adult ADHD symptoms was statistically explained by deprivation-related differences in adult IQ and prospective memory. Conclusions These results represent some of the most compelling evidence to date of the enduring power of early, time-limited childhood adversity to impair long-term neuropsychological functioning across the lifespan – effects that are linked specifically to deprivation-related adult ADHD symptoms.

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“…Future studies will need to replicate our findings in larger samples, including more restricted age ranges. Also, co-occurring disorders often occur in autistic adults and could influence their social functioning ( 52 , 53 ). Third, the reliability of the IDT also depends on the expertise of the examiner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Real-Life Test for Reciprocity in Autistic Adults: The Interactive Drawing Test

et al. 2022

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Impaired social-emotional reciprocity is a defining feature of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Deficits in reciprocity can be difficult to assess, particularly in adults with average or above average intelligence. The recently developed Interactive Drawing Test (IDT) measures reciprocity in children and adolescents with and without ASD based on spontaneous non-verbal interactions during the joint creation of a drawing. In this study, we examined if the IDT is able to differentiate between 19 normally intelligent adults with ASD and 18 without ASD. The IDT total reciprocity score, including the number of meaningful contributions to objects initially drawn by the examiner, was lower in the autistic adults compared to those without ASD. By assessing both the quantity and quality of spontaneous reciprocal behavior, the IDT was able to identify subtle differences in reciprocal behavior of adults with and without ASD with average intelligence. Even though a larger sample is required to determine its psychometric properties, the IDT appears a promising tool to enrich the diagnostic process of ASD in adults.Impaired social-emotional reciprocity is a defining feature of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The clinical field lacks sensitive tests for assessing impaired reciprocity. The recently developed Interactive Drawing Test (IDT) for reciprocity was tested in autistic and non-autistic adults. During the IDT, an examiner and participant make a joint drawing, taking turns, without specifying what they will draw. We aimed to investigated whether autistic adults showed less reciprocal behavior on the IDT compared to non-autistic participants. Autistic participants were less likely to jointly draw with the examiner, in particular when the examiner initiated a topic. The IDT revealed subtle but characteristic differences in reciprocal behavior related to ASD, suggesting it may be a promising diagnostic tool.

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Comparison of self-and other-report of symptoms of autism and comorbid psychopathology in adults with autism spectrum disorder

Cited by 9 publications

References 47 publications

Validity of Self-Reports Provided by People With Autism Spectrum Disorder Without Intellectual Disability: A Meta-Analysis

Validity of Self-Reports Provided by People With Autism Spectrum Disorder Without Intellectual Disability: A Meta-Analysis

The impact of childhood deprivation on adult neuropsychological functioning is associated with ADHD symptom persistence

A New Real-Life Test for Reciprocity in Autistic Adults: The Interactive Drawing Test

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