Comparison of selected methods for recovery of Giardia spp. cysts and Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in wastewater

Medeiros, Raphael Corrêa; Daniel, Luiz Antônio

doi:10.2166/wh.2015.228

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…dilution with rainwater). For example, it is known that high concentrations of suspended solids can negatively affect the recovery of faecal indicator bacteria and pathogenic organisms (Gedalanga and Olson, 2009;Medeiros and Daniel, 2015). This is due to the inability to fully desorb organisms either held electrostatically on particle surfaces or embedded in surface biofilms (Gantzer et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of precipitation and filtration-based SARS-CoV-2 recovery methods and the influence of temperature, turbidity, and surfactant load in urban wastewater

Kevill

Pellett

Farkas

et al. 2022

Science of The Total Environment

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of precipitation and filtration-based SARS-CoV-2 recovery methods and the influence of temperature, turbidity, and surfactant load in urban wastewater

Kevill

Pellett

Farkas

et al. 2022

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Other studies have considered membrane filtration (MF) for concentrating filter backwash water (Sammarro Silva & Sabogal-Paz 2020), as well as matrices similar in quality parameters (medium turbidity) as in treated wastewater effluents (Medeiros & Daniel 2015). The former led to cyst RE of approximately 17.4% and over 100% for oocysts with high standard deviation, whereas the latter found a 35% recovery for Giardia spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferric sulphate flocculation as a concentration method for Giardia and Cryptosporidium in filter backwash water

Silva

Sabogal-Paz

2021

Water Practice and Technology

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Filter backwash water (FBW) is a prominent residue from water treatment plants (WTPs) that is often disposed into water bodies or recycled within the WTP without due disinfection. FBW usually contains particles within a size range that includes pathogenic protozoa, as the infective forms of Giardia and Cryptosporidium, parasites responsible for waterborne diseases outbreaks. Quantifying (oo)cysts is essential for addressing this matter, as it might assist research on giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis epidemiology, as well as shed light onto disinfection technologies for FBW. However, (oo)cyst recovery from FBW and other complex matrices still lacks a standard protocol and entails specialized professionals and expensive material. Seeking to provide insight in a reduced-cost recovery method, this study analysed the recovery efficiency (RE) obtained by acid flocculation with ferric sulphate, a common coagulant, on bench-scale simulated FBW. Steps included concentration by flocculation, centrifugation, and quantification by immunofluorescence. Although recovery was sufficient for Cryptosporidium parvum (40.59%), Method 1623.1 recommendations were not reached for Giardia muris (1.76%). Coefficients of variation obtained for both organisms were not satisfactory, highlighting the variability to which environmental matrices are subjected and why defining a methodology for (oo)cyst recovery in WTP residues is important.

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“…The eluate was then carefully transferred into two 50 mL falcon tubes. The elute suspension was concentrated by using the triple centrifugation method proposed by Medeiros and Daniel [27] with some modifications. At first eighty millilitres of eluate was centrifuged in two 50 mL tubes at 1500 x g for 10 minutes.…”

Section: Spike Recovery Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A smartphone microscopic method for simultaneous detection of (oo)cysts of Cryptosporidium and Giardia

et al. 2020

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Background Food and water-borne illness caused by ingestion of (oo)cysts of Cryptosporidium and Giardia is one of the major health problems globally. Several methods are available to detect Giardia cyst and Cryptosporidium oocyst in food and water. Most of the available methods require a good laboratory facility and well-trained manpower and are therefore costly. There is a need of affordable and reliable method that can be easily implemented in resource limited settings. Methodology/Principle findings We developed a smartphone based microscopic assay method to screen (oo)cysts of Cryptosporidium and Giardia contamination of vegetable and water samples. The method consisting of a ball lens of 1 mm diameter, white LED as illumination source and Lugols's iodine staining provided magnification and contrast capable of distinguishing (oo)cysts of Cryptosporidium and Giardia . The analytical performance of the method was tested by spike recovery experiments. The spike recovery experiments performed on cabbage, carrot, cucumber, radish, tomatoes, and water resulted in 26.8±10.3, 40.1±8.5, 44.4±7.3, 47.6±11.3, 49.2 ±10.9, and 30.2±7.9% recovery for Cryptosporidium , respectively and 10.2±4.0, 14.1±7.3, 24.2±12.1, 23.2±13.7, 17.1±13.9, and 37.6±2.4% recovery for Giardia , respectively. The spike recovery results are comparable with data obtained using commercial brightfield and fluorescence microscope methods. Finally, we tested the smartphone microscope system for detecting (oo)cysts on 7 types of vegetable (n = 196) and river water (n = 18) samples. Forty-two percent vegetable and thirty-nine percent water samples were found to be contaminated with Cryptosporidium oocyst . Similarly, thirty-one percent vegetable and thirty-three percent water samples were contaminated with Giardia cyst . Conclusions The newly developed smartphone microscopic method showed comparable performance to commercial microscopic methods. The new method can be a low-cost and easy to implement alternative method for simultaneous detection of (oo)cysts in vegetable and water samples in resource limited settings.

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Comparison of selected methods for recovery of Giardia spp. cysts and Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in wastewater

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

A comparison of precipitation and filtration-based SARS-CoV-2 recovery methods and the influence of temperature, turbidity, and surfactant load in urban wastewater

A comparison of precipitation and filtration-based SARS-CoV-2 recovery methods and the influence of temperature, turbidity, and surfactant load in urban wastewater

Ferric sulphate flocculation as a concentration method for Giardia and Cryptosporidium in filter backwash water

A smartphone microscopic method for simultaneous detection of (oo)cysts of Cryptosporidium and Giardia

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