Comparison of Secondary Water Processors Using Distillation for Space Applications

Rifert, V. G.; Usenko, V. I.; Zolotukin, I.; MacKnight, Allen; Lubman, A.

doi:10.4271/1999-01-1991

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Cascade distillation devices for use in purifying wastewater in spacecraft have been developed for a number of years (refs. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The cascaded distiller uses vacuum distillation in a multistage rotary machine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cascade Distillation Subsystem Hardware Development for Verification Testing

Lubman¹,

MacKnight²,

Rifert³

et al. 2007

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Water recovery from wastewater is essential for the success of long-term missions to the Moon and Mars and human crew operations during explorations of these planets. Honeywell International and the team consisting of Thermodistillation Co. ( Kyiv, Ukraine) and NASA JSC Crew and Thermal Systems Division are developing an efficient wastewater processing subsystem that is based on centrifugal vacuum distillation. This subsystem will be tested at the NASA JSC Advanced Water Recovery Systems Development Facility. The Wastewater Processing Cascade Distillation Subsystem (CDS) utilizes an innovative and proven multi-stage thermodynamic process to produce purified water efficiently, and its rotary centrifugal design provides gas/liquid phase separation and liquid transport (pumping) under microgravity conditions. Key performance and success criteria for the subsystem design are: water production rate of 5 kg/hr max., specific power consumption at less than -140 W/kg, and the successful operation of the technology at NASA-JSC. The system will operate in automatic mode and the control algorithms have been formulated and tested experimentally.This paper discusses activities for the second year of the program, which include subsystem design, component development, selection and evaluation, subsystem construction, packaging and verification. Challenges and findings gained from experience that will be used for maturing the CDS and any other wastewater processing subsystems for future space exploration missions will also be discussed in this paper.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cascade Distillation Subsystem Hardware Development for Verification Testing

Lubman¹,

MacKnight²,

Rifert³

et al. 2007

SAE Technical Paper Series

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although short-duration missions have relied on storage and transport instead of on-board water recovery, an estimated requirement of 8 to 15 kg of water per crewmember per day will pose a significant launch penalty and significant barrier to longer duration missions 1 . Therefore, future water recovery, purification, and processing technologies should possess the ability to accept wastewater streams from various sources (gray water, urine, and condensate from humid air) and recycle them to a high level of chemical purity and potability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the robust nature of distillation processes, vacuum distillation has been actively pursued as a technology for water recovery 1 . Distillation at very low pressures has demonstrated the ability to significantly reduce power requirements over traditional distillation technologies and has therefore been developed for space applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The THP itself requires less power than a traditional heater, and since it uses thermal energy from the cold side to heat the hot side, it functions as both the condenser and the reboiler stages of a traditional distillation column. Reducing the pressure inside the distiller using the vacuum pump reduces the distillation temperature thus reducing power requirements even further 1 . Since the THP generates heat from electrical resistance within the device, a trim cooler (TC) is used to remove additional heat from the colder recirculating stream.…”

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confidence: 99%

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