Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 detection in nasopharyngeal swab and saliva

Iwasaki, Shinya; Fujisawa, Shinichi; Nakakubo, Sho; Kamada, Keisuke; Yamashita, Yu; Fukumoto, Tatsuya; Sato, Kaori; Oguri, Satoshi; Taki, Keisuke; Senjo, Hajime; Hayasaka, Kasumi; Konno, Satoshi; Nishida, Mutsumi; Teshima, Takanori

doi:10.1101/2020.05.13.20100206

Cited by 52 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The reported viral load of saliva specimens ranged from 9.9 × 10 2 to 1.2 × 10 8 copies/mL (Azzi, Baj, et al 2020; Cheng et al 2020; Han, Seong, Heo, et al 2020; Han, Seong, Kim, et al 2020; Iwasaki et al 2020; To, Tsang, Leung, et al 2020; To, Tsang, Yip, et al 2020; Yoon et al 2020; Zhu et al 2020). In addition to viral load, the efficiency of saliva collection was investigated and compared with oro-/nasopharyngeal swabs for viral detection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference in sensitivity probably reflects differences in the clinical background and timing of sampling in each study. In fact, several studies reported reduced viral load in saliva with time (Han, Seong, Kim, et al 2020; Iwasaki et al 2020; Nagura-Ikeda et al 2020; To, Tsang, Leung, et al 2020; To, Tsang, Yip, et al 2020; Williams et al 2020; Yoon et al 2020; Zhang et al 2020; Zhu et al 2020). However, the specificity ranging from 97% to 100% suggests reliable detection limits of current assays for detecting the absence of SARS-CoV-2 viral loads in saliva samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Saliva in the Diagnosis of COVID-19: A Review and New Research Directions

et al. 2020

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This review presents literature that highlights saliva’s utility as a biofluid in the diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19. A systematic search was performed in 5 electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, LILACS, Scopus, and Web of Science). Studies were eligible for inclusion if they assessed the potential diagnostic value and/or other discriminatory properties of biological markers in the saliva of patients with COVID-19. As of July 22, 2020, a total of 28 studies have investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in saliva. Several of those studies confirmed reliable detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the saliva of patients with COVID-19. Saliva offered sensitivity and specificity for SARS-CoV-2 detection comparable to that of the current standard of nasopharyngeal and throat swabs. However, the utility of saliva in diagnosing COVID-19 infection remains understudied. Clinical studies with larger patient populations that measure recordings at different stages during the disease are still necessary to confirm the accuracy of COVID-19 diagnosis with saliva. Nevertheless, the utility of saliva as a diagnostic tool opens the possibility of using rapid and less invasive diagnostic strategies by targeting bioanalytes rather than the pathogen.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saliva in the Diagnosis of COVID-19: A Review and New Research Directions

et al. 2020

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“…The reasons underlying these observations remain unclear. Of note, we recently reported that quality of PCR from saliva as a diagnostic measure of SARS-CoV-2 infection was equivalent to that of the samples from nasopharyngeal swabs (1). We also found that findings from PCR tests reverted from positive to negative much more quickly when using saliva than nasopharyngeal samples (1).…”

Section: Ecmomentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Medical Center and Hokkaido University Hospital. Nasopharyngeal swab sample was collected and quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) was conducted as described before (1).…”

Section: This Study Was Approved By the Ethics Committees Of Nationalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of note, we recently reported that quality of PCR from saliva as a diagnostic measure of SARS-CoV-2 infection was equivalent to that of the samples from nasopharyngeal swabs (1). We also found that findings from PCR tests reverted from positive to negative much more quickly when using saliva than nasopharyngeal samples (1). We speculate that in older individuals, cell turnover is less robust and as such, clearance of virus from the nasopharynx is prolonged; these factors may lead to positive PCR tests that persist after acute disease has resolved.…”

Section: Ecmomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Older age is associated with sustained detection of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swab samples

Hattori

Amishima

Morinaga

et al. 2021

Journal of Infection

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This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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The Impact of COVID‐19 on Organ Donation, Procurement, and Liver Transplantation in the United States

Merola¹,

Schilsky²,

Mulligan³

2020

Hepatol. Commun.

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The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has had an impact on all facets of our health care system, including life‐saving procedures like organ transplantation. Concerns for potential exposure to the causative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 have profoundly altered the process of organ donation and recovery that is vital to the execution of organ transplantation. Issues regarding adequate donor evaluation and consent, organ recovery, organ procurement organization, and donor hospital resources as well as the transplant center’s acceptance of organ offers for their candidates have all required new practice paradigms. Consequently, the ability to treat patients with organ failure, in particular patients with end‐stage liver disease in whom no temporizing treatments exist, and to obtain expected excellent outcomes for new liver transplant recipients has been challenged during this time. Conclusion: We summarize some of the negative effects of the current pandemic on organ recovery and liver transplantation as well as offer considerations and strategies for their mitigation that could have a lasting impact on the field even after the coronavirus disease 2019 has waned.

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Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 detection in nasopharyngeal swab and saliva

Cited by 52 publications

References 20 publications

Saliva in the Diagnosis of COVID-19: A Review and New Research Directions

Saliva in the Diagnosis of COVID-19: A Review and New Research Directions

Older age is associated with sustained detection of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swab samples

The Impact of COVID‐19 on Organ Donation, Procurement, and Liver Transplantation in the United States

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