“…Due to high conductivity, n-type TCOs are used for conducting electrode applications [8]. Extensive research has been conducted on n-type TCOs such as Sn-doped In 2 O 3 (ITO) [9,10], Sc-doped ZnO [11,12], and Al-doped ZnO (AZO) [13][14][15][16]. Nonetheless, there exists a lack of research on p-type TCOs, impeding the progress of transparent electronics applications [17][18][19].…”