Comparison of reporter gene assay and immature rat uterotrophic assay of twenty-three chemicals

Yamasaki, Kanji; Takeyoshi, Masahiro; Yakabe, Yoshikuni; Sawaki, Masakuni; Imatanaka, Nobuya; Takatsuki, Mineo

doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(01)00505-4

Cited by 97 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…[10] Anaemia is one of the most recognized clinical signs and symptoms of lead poisoning though the mechanism is multifactoral and the mechanism of which is not entirely clear, [16][17][18] surprisingly this ancient toxin (Pb) is often left out when endocrine disruptive chemicals (EDCs) such as bisphenol A, bisphenol B, bispherol F, benzophenone equilin, nonyphenol mixture etc and methods of their assays are discussed. [19,20] This is probably because lead has assumed a lower priority status in the developed countries [21] in contrast to the situation in most developing countries [22] where environmental lead is still a significant public health problem. [23] Moreover, lead is sufficiently prevalent at low level (no threshold value) to cause a number of metabolic aberrations including endocrine disruption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased total and ionized calcium levels and haematological indices in occupational lead exposure as evidence of the endocrine disruptive effect of lead

Anetor

Akingbola

Adeniyi

et al. 2005

Indian J Occup Environ Med

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The multisystem and prime environmental and occupational toxin, lead (Pb) is seldom included in the list of endocrine disruptors group like bisphenols A, B and F, nonylphenol, benzoquine, equiline etc. One hundred and thirty-seven subjects consisting of 86 lead workers and 51 unexposed individuals (as controls) participated in the study. Dietary intake including dairy products and micronutrients as assessed by 24-hour dietary recall was similar between lead workers and controls. Calcium homeostasis and haematological indices were evaluated in all subjects. Blood lead level was significantly higher in the lead workers than in controls (P<0.001). Total and ionized calcium levels were in contrast significantly decreased in lead workers compared with controls (P<0.01, P<0.001 respectively). Inorganic phosphate level though slightly raised compared to controls did not reach statistical significance (P>0.05). The haematological indices, haemoglobin, haematocrit, and mean cell haemoglobin concentration like calcium levels were all significantly reduced (P<0.001) in all cases. Semi-quantitative assessment of erythrocyte protoporphyrin was trace (±) in both lead workers and controls (i.e. similar). Serum copper level was significantly higher in Pb workers than in controls (P<0.005). These decreases are consistent with a repression of the endocrine systems regulating both erythropoiesis and calcium homeostasis resident in the proximal convoluted tubule(PCT) of the kidney; the most vulnerable site to Pb damage. Our findings therefore, appear to provide evidence or a reminder that Pb satifies the conditions defining EDCs and should be recognized as one, especially in developing countries where high environmental Pb and malnutrition co-exist and may magnify this effect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased total and ionized calcium levels and haematological indices in occupational lead exposure as evidence of the endocrine disruptive effect of lead

Anetor

Akingbola

Adeniyi

et al. 2005

Indian J Occup Environ Med

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“…In addition, the antagonistic property of BPA was demonstrated. ERα transactivational potency of BPA is reported to be 5,000-to 10,000-fold less than that of EE (Yamasaki et al, 2002) (Supplement Table 1). Since the uterus is known to express predominantly ERα (Couse and Korach, 2004), the simplest explanation would be the competitive binding of BPA against EE to the ERα ligand binding domain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovariectomized mouse uterotrophic assay of 36 chemicals

Ohta

Takagi²,

Ohmukai

et al. 2012

J. Toxicol. Sci.

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“…These suggestions demonstrate that neonatal exposure studies are useful means to detect the endocrine-mediated effects of some estrogenic compounds. We therefore used the neonatal exposure assay to test weakly estrogenic compounds.The uterotrophic property of BPA, nonylphenol, and genistein was detected in the rat immature uterotrophic assay [15], and abnormal estrous cycles and thyroid dysfunction have been observed in rats given BPA 600 mg/kg in a 28-day repeated toxicity test according to OECD enhanced TG 407 [16]. Thus, some endocrine-mediated changes caused by BPA, nonylphenol and genistein at high dose levels were already known.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The uterotrophic property of BPA, nonylphenol, and genistein was detected in the rat immature uterotrophic assay [15], and abnormal estrous cycles and thyroid dysfunction have been observed in rats given BPA 600 mg/kg in a 28-day repeated toxicity test according to OECD enhanced TG 407 [16]. Thus, some endocrine-mediated changes caused by BPA, nonylphenol and genistein at high dose levels were already known.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity Study of Bisphenol A, Nonylphenol, and Genistein in Rats Neonatally Exposed to Low Doses

Yamasaki¹

2012

J Clin Toxicol

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Due to reports that a considerable number of compounds may have endocrine-disrupting activity in humans and animals, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) revised the original OECD Test Guideline No. 407 assay and introduced in vivo screening tests in 2008 to detect endocrine-mediated effects. These effects are one of the important parameters in assessing the risk assessment of chemicals in the REACH program. Recently, risk assessments of Bisphenol A (BPA) have conducted [1,2], and several countries such as Canada, Denmark and France have adopted a national ban on baby bottles made from polycarbonate plastic [3]. On the other hand, neonatal exposure assay has been reported as an assay for detection of endocrine effects in the early life stages of rats and mice, and the endocrine effects of estrogenic compounds, such as clomiphene, diethylbestrol, ethynylestradiol, 17β-estradiol, tamoxifen, BPA, and some phytoestrogens have been detected by this assay [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Therefore, this assay is considered to be a useful method of detecting endocrine-mediated effects. However, since few studies have been reported to detect endocrine effects of weakly estrogenic compounds designed, we performed the neonatal exposure assays of the weakly estrogenic compounds, BPA, nonylphenol, and genistein.Pregnant female rats on 13 days after mating were purchased from Charles River Japan, Inc. (Shiga, Japan), and the pups that were subsequently born were used in this study. All animals were cared for according to the principles outlined in the guide for animal experimentation prepared by the Japanese Association for Laboratory Animal Science. Rats were subcutaneously injected with 0, 0.1, 1 or 10 µg/rat/day of each chemical for 5 days starting on Postnatal Day 1 (PND 1). A positive control group injected with diethylstilbestrol was also established. Animals were killed by exsanguination under ether anesthesia on PND 50. The following were assessed: clinical signs, body weight changes, ano-genital distance, vaginal opening, preputial separation, estrous cycling, organ weight changes, and histological changes.No abnormities were detected in clinical signs, body weights, anogenital distance, vaginal opening, preputial separation, estrous cycling, and histological changes. Seminal vesicle weight was significantly lower in all genistein groups, and ventral prostate weight was higher in the 10 µg BPA group. No changes were observed in rats given nonylphenol. On the other hand, various endocrine-mediated effects in each parameter were detected in the diethylstilbestrol groups.The estrogenic compounds DES, ethynylestradiol, clomiphen, tamoxifen, BPA, and 17β-estradiol, all of which except BPA appear to be strongly estrogenic compounds based on their receptor binding affinities and the results of uterotrophic assays [12][13][14], were administered to neonatal rats for a short time, and endocrinemediated effects were detected [4][5][6][8][9][10][11]. Although there are few neonatal exposure data for wea...

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Comparison of reporter gene assay and immature rat uterotrophic assay of twenty-three chemicals

Cited by 97 publications

References 14 publications

Decreased total and ionized calcium levels and haematological indices in occupational lead exposure as evidence of the endocrine disruptive effect of lead

Decreased total and ionized calcium levels and haematological indices in occupational lead exposure as evidence of the endocrine disruptive effect of lead

Ovariectomized mouse uterotrophic assay of 36 chemicals

Toxicity Study of Bisphenol A, Nonylphenol, and Genistein in Rats Neonatally Exposed to Low Doses

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