Comparison of recent (1994) black carbon data with those obtained in 1985 and 1986 in the urban area of Vienna, Austria: implications for future environmental policy decisions

Hitzenberger, R.; Fohler-Norek, C.; Dusek, U.; Galambos, Z.; Sidla, S.

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(96)05219-9

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The measured value of ε is also consistent with that used by Hitzenberger et al (1996b) in Vienna, Austria, and with theoretical calculations by Fuller et al (1999).…”

Section: Transmission Measurementssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Unfortunately, the value of this factor is not well known, with values reported in the literature varying significantly, ranging from 2 to 25 m 2 g −1 (Horvath 1993a;Liousse et al 1993). A study by Hitzenberger et al (1996b) of black carbon data collected in the urban area of Vienna, Austria, concluded that an experimentally determined value of 6 m 2 g −1 was more accurate than the previously used ε = 8 m 2 g −1 . A recent study by Schnaiter et al (2003) which measured the optical properties of diesel soot and spark generated soot at three wavelengths found that mass absorption efficiency for diesel soot ranged from 8.3 m 2 g -1 at 450 nm to 5.2 m 2 g -1 at 700 nm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Black Carbon Measurement using Laser Integrating Plate Method

Taha

Box

Cohen

et al. 2007

Aerosol Science and Technology

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An intensive study to test and validate the Laser Integrating Plate Method (LIPM) of determining absorption coefficient and black carbon mass was carried out. Measurements by LIPM were compared to Smoke Stain Reflectometer measurements and Mie calculations based on accelerator ion beam analysis (IBA) elemental composition measurements. Results show that the value of massabsorption coefficient ε = 10 m 2 g −1 previously used for mass determination, and widely accepted for black carbon generated by combustion processes, is an inappropriate choice for the type of carbon measured in Sydney. A value of ε = 7 m 2 g −1 for soot and ambient aerosol particles was found to be more appropriate.

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“…The measured value of ε is also consistent with that used by Hitzenberger et al (1996b) in Vienna, Austria, and with theoretical calculations by Fuller et al (1999).…”

Section: Transmission Measurementssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Black Carbon Measurement using Laser Integrating Plate Method

Taha

Box

Cohen

et al. 2007

Aerosol Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Elemental characterization of airborne particles in Khartoum, Sudan

2004

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The aim of this study was to investigate the elemental composition of airborne particles in the Khartoum area, particularly small inhalable particles of diameter ≤10 µm. Aerosol particles were collected during the period April–May 2001. The sampling was done using a dichotomous virtual impactor capable of separating airborne particles <2.5 µm in a fine mode and 2.5–10 µm particles in a coarse mode. Energy‐dispersive x‐ray fluorescence analysis was used to determine the elemental concentrations of 14 elements in the samples. Concentrations of black carbon were also measured on the two size fractions. The results obtained were compared with previous data from Khartoum and other African locations. Si, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Zn and Sr were found to be dominant in the collected particulates. Day period collections were found to have higher elemental concentrations than those of night periods. This is attributed to higher traffic levels and wind speeds. The results show that dust aerosol transport and resuspension are the main sources that affect the quality of ambient air in the Khartoum area. The elemental concentrations from anthropogenic sources are generally low. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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