Comparison of real-time instruments and gravimetric method when measuring particulate matter in a residential building

Wang, Zuocheng; Calderon, L.; Patton, Allison P.; Allacci, Mary Ann Sorensen; Senick, Jennifer; Wener, Richard; Andrews, Clinton J.; Mainelis, Gediminas

doi:10.1080/10962247.2016.1201022

Cited by 79 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Similar to previous studies, we found the Dylos to be strongly correlated with more expensive real‐time particle samplers; therefore, future PM exposure studies could make use of the lower cost Dylos samplers to assess relative differences in PM concentrations without significant loss of measurement reliability. However, it should be noted that although the Dylos compares well with another optical particle counter, this study and previous studies have shown a significant bias when comparing optical particle counters and gravimetric particle results . Our results only confirm correlation between Dylos and DustTrak measurements.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Ultrafine, fine, and black carbon particle concentrations in California child-care facilities

et al. 2017

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Although many U.S. children spend time in child care, little information exists on exposures to airborne particulate matter (PM) in this environment, even though PM may be associated with asthma and other respiratory illness, which is a key concern for young children. To address this data gap, we measured ultrafine particles (UFP), PM 2.5 , PM 10 , and black carbon in 40 California child-care facilities and examined associations with potential determinants. We also tested a low-cost optical particle measuring device (Dylos monitor). Median (interquartile range) concentrations for indoor UFP, gravimetric PM 2.5 , real-time PM 2.5 , gravimetric PM 10 , and black carbon over the course of a child-care day were 14 000 (11 000-29 000) particles/cm Dylos may be a valid low-cost alternative to monitor PM levels indoors in future studies. Overall, results indicate the need for additional studies examining particle levels, potential health risks, and mitigation strategies in child-care facilities. K E Y W O R D Sdaycare, early childhood education, indoor air, predictors matter (PM) in child-care facilities, despite children being more susceptible than adults to the health effects of PM exposures. | INTRODUCTION 9-11Particulate matter is a complex mixture of small particles and liquid droplets. Constituents include inorganic compounds (such as nitrates and sulfates), organic chemicals, metals, and soil or dust particles.Exposures of young children to PM 2.5 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm) and PM 10 (aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm) have been shown to increase allergen sensitization, decrease lung function, and exacerbate pre-existing respiratory conditions like asthma. 12-15Ultrafine particle (UFP, aerodynamic diameter <0.1 μm) exposure to young children has been associated with decreased lung function 16 and increased risk of respiratory hospital admissions. [12][13][14][15]17,18 In children, black carbon exposure has been associated with lung oxidative stress, 19-21 decreased lung function, 22 and respiratory symptoms. 23-25

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Ultrafine, fine, and black carbon particle concentrations in California child-care facilities

et al. 2017

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“…The variation between meals indicates the composition and optical properties of the emitted PM 2.5 , and proportion of particles below the detection limit of the OPC, varied between meals. They also show that the OPC consistently under‐estimates particle mass when cooking meals, which agrees with Wang et al whose OPCs were used to measure PM 2.5 in houses. Wang suggests that this is caused by coincidence losses, deviations in the refractive coefficient, or the presence of high concentrations of particles that are smaller than the OPC's detection limit.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…If the physical or optical properties of the measured particles differ from those of the test dust, the mass concentrations reported by the OPC must be corrected . The correction is made by multiplying a measured concentration by a calibration factor . Additionally, the OPC may also under‐estimate the concentrations if a significant proportion of the emitted particles are smaller than the lower detection limit of the device .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optical particle counters pass an aerosol through a laser beam to measure the degree of light scattering, which varies according to the mass concentration, size, shape, and composition of its particles. 46 They are calibrated using test dust with known properties, commonly solid, spherical, and non-absorptive polystyrene latex spheres with a defined distribution of diameters. 47 If the physical or optical properties of the measured particles differ from those of the test dust, the mass concentrations reported by the OPC must be corrected.…”

Section: Pm 25 Measurement Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 The correction is made by multiplying a measured concentration by a calibration factor. 46 Additionally, the OPC may also under-estimate the concentrations if a significant proportion of the emitted particles are smaller than the lower detection limit of the device. 48 Accordingly, concurrent gravimetric sampling (GS) was used to determine the true mass concentrations using filter-based GS devices for each test meal.…”

Section: Pm 25 Measurement Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating measurements of fine particle ( PM _2.5 ) emissions from the cooking of meals and mitigating exposure using a cooker hood

et al. 2019

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There is growing awareness that indoor exposure to particulate matter with diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) is associated with an increased risk of adverse health effects. Cooking is a key indoor source of PM2.5 and an activity conducted daily in most homes. Population scale models can predict occupant exposures to PM2.5, but these predictions are sensitive to the emission rates used. Reported emission rates are highly variable and are typically for the cooking of single ingredients and not full meals. Accordingly, there is a need to assess PM2.5 emissions from the cooking of complete meals. Mean PM2.5 emission rates and source strengths were measured for four complete meals. Temporal PM2.5 concentrations and particle size distributions were recorded using an optical particle counter (OPC), and gravimetric sampling was used to determine calibration factors. Mean emission rates and source strengths varied between 0.54—3.7 mg/min and 15—68 mg, respectively, with 95% confidence. Using a cooker hood (apparent capture efficiency > 90%) and frying in non‐stick pans were found to significantly reduce emissions. OPC calibration factors varied between 1.5 and 5.0 showing that a single value cannot be used for all meals and that gravimetric sampling is necessary when measuring PM2.5 concentrations in kitchens.

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Measuring Particle Concentration and Compositions in Indoor Air

Wallace¹,

Hopke²

2021

Handbook of Indoor Air Quality

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Comparison of real-time instruments and gravimetric method when measuring particulate matter in a residential building

Cited by 79 publications

References 44 publications

Ultrafine, fine, and black carbon particle concentrations in California child-care facilities

Ultrafine, fine, and black carbon particle concentrations in California child-care facilities

Investigating measurements of fine particle ( PM _2.5 ) emissions from the cooking of meals and mitigating exposure using a cooker hood

Measuring Particle Concentration and Compositions in Indoor Air

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Comparison of real-time instruments and gravimetric method when measuring particulate matter in a residential building

Cited by 79 publications

References 44 publications

Ultrafine, fine, and black carbon particle concentrations in California child-care facilities

Ultrafine, fine, and black carbon particle concentrations in California child-care facilities

Investigating measurements of fine particle ( PM 2.5 ) emissions from the cooking of meals and mitigating exposure using a cooker hood

Measuring Particle Concentration and Compositions in Indoor Air

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Investigating measurements of fine particle ( PM _2.5 ) emissions from the cooking of meals and mitigating exposure using a cooker hood