“…However, Data Adaptive (DA) algorithms estimate the propagation model from the received signals and apply compensation factors based on this estimated channel model. Several studies have been performed to evaluate the performance of both DI and DA beamforming algorithms using a variety of numerical and physical breast models [ 7 , 12 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. However, these studies have often evaluated the performance of both DI and DA algorithms using a limited set of beamforming algorithms [ 7 ], simplified numerical phantoms [ 12 , 19 , 20 ], and an idealised artifact removal algorithm, while ignoring the impact of realistic artifact removal [ 15 , 16 , 18 ].…”