Comparison of racemic ketamine and S-ketamine as agents for the induction of anaesthesia in goats

Jud, Rahel; Picek, Stephanie; Makara, Mariano; Steininger, K; Hässig, Michael; Bettschart‐Wolfensberger, Regula

doi:10.1111/j.1467-2995.2010.00570.x

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Diversely from which we expected, the analgesia data between the S(+)-ketamine and the ketamine groups was similar, in contrast to previous description that the S(+)-isomer was approximately twice as potent as analgesic as the racemic ketamine in experimental (14) and in animals [16,17]. Several factors could have influenced the results.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…Because the potency of S(+)Ketamine was revealed to be two to threefold higher compared to the racemic compound [15][16][17], this study proposed to evaluate the analgesic effect of transdermal racemic ketamine compared to its S(+)-isomer in the perioperative setting. It was hypothesized that applying the same concentration of both drugs would result in double analgesic effect in the population receiving the S(+)-ketamine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transdermal Ketamine and S(+)-Ketamine as Adjuvants Following Orthopaedic Surgery under Bupivacaine Spinal Anaesthesia

Lauretti¹,

Amaral²,

Dias³

et al. 2014

J Phys Chem Biophys

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The aim of the study was to examine the perioperative analgesic effect of topical deliver of either ketamine or S(+)-ketamine in orthopaedic postoperative pain through clinical and laboratorial evaluation. 45 patients following minor orthopaedic surgery were randomized to one of three groups (n=15). Spinal anaesthesia was performed with 15 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine. Twenty min after the spinal puncture, a controlled delivery topical cream containing either 25 mg ketamine (KG), 25 mg S(+)-ketamine (+KG) or placebo (PG) was applied. Pain and adverse effects were assessed postoperatively for 24 h. Intravenous ketoprofen was available at patient request. The plasmatic concentration of ketamine and S(+)-ketamine was measured prior the spinal puncture, 30 min, 4-hour, 8-hour, 16-hour and 24-hour after topical application by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Time to first rescue analgesic was longer to both KG and +KG (10 hours) compared to the PG (5 hours); (p<0.05). Ketoprofen consumption (mg) in 24 hour was higher in the PG compared to the others (p<0.0005). Thirty-min after the transdermal application, ketamine and S(+)-ketamine were detectable in plasma in both KG and +KG by HPLC, and showed a dose-ranging curve during the 24-hour evaluation (p<0.02). Adverse effects were similar among groups. As conclusions, transdermal 25 mg ketamine or 25 mg S(+)-ketamine similarly prolonged the duration of analgesia following orthopaedic procedures under bupivacaine spinal blockade, demonstrated by clinical and laboratorial data.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transdermal Ketamine and S(+)-Ketamine as Adjuvants Following Orthopaedic Surgery under Bupivacaine Spinal Anaesthesia

Lauretti¹,

Amaral²,

Dias³

et al. 2014

J Phys Chem Biophys

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show abstract

“…The dose ratio is 1:2 ( 24,25,42 ). Automated ketamine anesthesia delivering systems (such as target-controlled infusion and closed-loops anesthesia systems) are under development ( 1,83 ).…”

Section: Ketamine Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Anesthesia Protocols for Space Exploration Missions

Komorowski¹,

Watkins²,

Lebuffe³

et al. 2013

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine

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In spaceflight beyond low Earth's orbit, medical conditions requiring surgery are of a high level of concern because of their potential impact on crew health and mission success. Whereas surgical techniques have been thoroughly studied in spaceflight analogues, the research focusing on anesthesia is limited. To provide safe anesthesia during an exploration mission will be a highly challenging task. The research objective is thus to describe specific anesthesia procedures enabling treatment of pre-identified surgical conditions. Among the medical conditions considered by the NASA Human Research Program Exploration Medical Capability element, those potentially necessitating anesthesia techniques have been identified. The most appropriate procedure for each condition is thoroughly discussed. The substantial cost of training time necessary to implement regional anesthesia is pointed out. Within general anesthetics, ketamine combines the unique advantages of preservation of cardiovascular stability, the protective airway reflexes, and spontaneous ventilation. Ketamine side effects have for decades tempered enthusiasm for its use, but recent developments in mitigation means broadened its indications. The extensive experience gathered in remote environments, with minimal equipment and occasionally by insufficiently trained care providers, confirms its high degree of safety. Two ketamine-based anesthesia protocols are described with their corresponding indications. They have been designed taking into account the physiological changes occurring in microgravity and the specific constraints of exploration missions. This investigation could not only improve surgical care during long-duration spaceflights, but may find a number of terrestrial applications in isolated or austere environments.

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“…; Jud et al. ). In several countries, S‐ketamine has been used in dogs and is marketed as a more potent alternative to racemic ketamine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

S-ketamine versus racemic ketamine in dogs: their relative potency as induction agents

Casoni

Spadavecchia

Adami

2015

Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia

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Comparison of racemic ketamine and S-ketamine as agents for the induction of anaesthesia in goats

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Transdermal Ketamine and S(+)-Ketamine as Adjuvants Following Orthopaedic Surgery under Bupivacaine Spinal Anaesthesia

Transdermal Ketamine and S(+)-Ketamine as Adjuvants Following Orthopaedic Surgery under Bupivacaine Spinal Anaesthesia

Potential Anesthesia Protocols for Space Exploration Missions

S-ketamine versus racemic ketamine in dogs: their relative potency as induction agents

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