Comparison of pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Growth studies on the recovered hydrothermal aqueous phase

Energetic and economic evaluation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii hydrothermal liquefaction and pyrolysis through thermochemical models

“…The thermochemical models are based on experimental results of HTL and pyrolysis of C. reinhardtii [21] and are assumed to be upscalable.…”

“…In this work, we improved significantly the model by: 1) integrating pyrolysis as a process option, 2) using experimental results [21], and 3) building a thermochemical model to simulate the conversion step based on these experimental results.…”

The Environmental Biorefinery: Using Microalgae to Remediate Wastewater, a Win-Win Paradigm

“…The potential to recycle the aqueous phase has been studied in order to reduce the cultivation costs and increase the overall sustainability of the process [98][99][100]. Growth can be inhibited at first but after an adaptation period, higher biomass productivities have been observed probably due to mixotrophic growth [98,99]. The biocrude can be directly burned in a boiler or upgraded through hydrotreating into a biofuel (a mix of naphta, gasoline and jetfuel [68]).…”

“…Nowadays, anaerobic digestion is not an economically profitable solution for microalgae biomass valorization. HTL is a thermochemical process which converts wet biomass into a biocrude (heavy oil, yields between 20 and 87% [97]), gas (>95% of CO2 that can be recycled to the cultivation step [98]), some residual solids and an aqueous phase that contains large amount of nutrients. The potential to recycle the aqueous phase has been studied in order to reduce the cultivation costs and increase the overall sustainability of the process [98][99][100].…”

“…HTL is a thermochemical process which converts wet biomass into a biocrude (heavy oil, yields between 20 and 87% [97]), gas (>95% of CO2 that can be recycled to the cultivation step [98]), some residual solids and an aqueous phase that contains large amount of nutrients. The potential to recycle the aqueous phase has been studied in order to reduce the cultivation costs and increase the overall sustainability of the process [98][99][100]. Growth can be inhibited at first but after an adaptation period, higher biomass productivities have been observed probably due to mixotrophic growth [98,99].…”