Comparison of proteins synthesized by anterior and posterior regions of Dictyostelium discoideum pseudoplasmodia

Alton, Thomas H.; Brenner, Michael P.

doi:10.1016/0012-1606(79)90077-0

Cited by 68 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Comparison of cell type specificity measurements for endogenous actin in previously published reports from several laboratories shows similar quantitative variability, ranging from -2-fold to >10-fold (4,35,55). The lower values are supported by both in situ hybridization analysis (5) and measurement of relative levels of actin protein synthesis in prestalk and prespore cells (1,37,44 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Actin synthesis decreases following aggregation and reaches its lowest levels (approximately 10% of the vegetative level) during culmination (2,27,29). During the later stages of development, both actin mRNA (4,35,55) and protein (1,14,37) become enriched in differentiating prestalk and stalk cells relative to the levels found in prespore and spore cells. The half-life of actin mRNA remains constant throughout development (29).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Developmental regulation of Dictyostelium discoideum actin gene fusions carried on low-copy and high-copy transformation vectors.

Knecht¹,

Cohen²,

Loomis³

et al. 1986

Mol. Cell. Biol.

196

136

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(19,25,32,33,46). With the exception of two quite divergent actinrelated proteins, all of these genes appear to encode substantially the same actin polypeptide. Differences in the length of the 3' untranslated region of these RNAs account for the two mRNA size classes (33). The different actin genes can be grouped into families based on homologies in their 3' untranslated sequences (33,45 (19,25,32,45,55). S1 nuclease and RNase mapping (25, 32, 47) of the 5' ends of the actin mRNAs and primer extension analysis (55) indicate that individual actin genes are differentially transcribed during development.We report the identification and complete nucleotide sequence of a genomic clone that encodes the actin mRNA previously identified by the cDNA clone cActin III-12/Al (33) and by primer extension as actin III (55). Following the system of nomenclature used by

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental regulation of Dictyostelium discoideum actin gene fusions carried on low-copy and high-copy transformation vectors.

Knecht¹,

Cohen²,

Loomis³

et al. 1986

Mol. Cell. Biol.

196

136

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“…After a defined series of morphological stages, a mature fruiting body is formed which is composed of essentially two cell types, spores and stalk cells. Precursor cells, called prespore and prestalk cells, can be distinguished by the migrating slug stage on the basis of different biochemical markers including antigenic determinants (15,41,42) and different proteins on two-dimensional gels (1,28,29,32).…”

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confidence: 99%

A secreted factor and cyclic AMP jointly regulate cell-type-specific gene expression in Dictyostelium discoideum.

Mehdy¹,

Firtel²

1985

Mol. Cell. Biol.

183

175

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We are studying cell differentiation in Dictyostelium discoideum by examining the regulation of genes that are preferentially expressed in different cell types. A system has been established in which prestalk-and prespore-cell-specific genes are expressed in single cells in response to culture conditions. We confirm our previous results showing that cyclic AMP induces prestalk genes and now show that it is also required for prespore gene induction. The expression of both classes of genes is additionally dependent on the presence of a factor(s) secreted by developing cells which we call conditioned medium factor(s). An assay for conditioned medium factor(s) shows that it is detectable within 2.5 h after the onset of development. Conditioned medium factor(s) also promotes the expression of genes induced early in development, but has no detectable effect on the expression of actin genes and a gene expressed maximally in vegetative cells. In the presence of conditioned medium factor(s), exogenous cyclic AMP at the onset of starvation fails to induce the prespore and prestalk genes. The addition of cyclic AMP between 2 and 12 h of starvation results in rapid prestalk gene expression, whereas prespore genes are induced at an invarient time (-18 h after the onset of starvation). These data suggest that cyclic AMP and conditioned medium factor(s) are sufficient for prestalk gene induction, whereas an additional parameter(s) is involved in the control of prespore gene induction. In contrast to several previous studies, we show that multicellularity is not essential for the expression of either prespore or prestalk genes. These data indicate that prespore and prestalk genes have cell-type-specific as well as shared regulatory factors.The structures and expression of numerous developmentally regulated genes have been analyzed in a variety of organisms. However, the biochemical factors that induce cell-type-specific gene expression and concomitant cell differentiation are not well understood in most systems. Several factors affecting cell differentiation have been recently elucidated in the simple eucaryote, Dictyostelium discoideum. Upon starvation, amoebae aggregate via cyclic AMP (cAMP)-mediated chemotaxis into multicellular aggregates.

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“…This coincides in time with the appearance of prespore cells, as identified by their specific products, such as prespore antigen (4), UDP-galactose-polysaccharide transferase responsible for the synthesis of the antigen (5), and the prespore vacuole (PSV) (6,7) containing the prespore antigen (8). Prespore and prestalk cells are characterized by the synthesis of specific proteins (9,10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prestalk and prespore differentiation in Dictyostelium as detected by cell type-specific monoclonal antibodies

Tasaka

Noce

Takeuchi

1983

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Monoclonal antibodies specifically reactive against prestalk and prespore cells of the.cellular slime mold Dictyostelum discoideum were obtained. By the use of these antibodies, we examined processes of differentiation of the two cell types during development. Cells stained with prespore-specific antibodies first appeared after 12-14 hr of starvation within cell aggregates with tips, coincidentally with the appearance of other prespore markers. The number of prespore cells then increased to a level of 70-80% of total cells at the slug stage. By contrast, cells stained with prestalk-specific antibodies began to appear after 3 hr of starvation and thereafter increased in number to a maximum of ca. 80% after 12 hr of starvation. Stained cells appeared at random in the aggregation field and were not morphologically distinguishable from, unstained cells. Furthermore, cells showed a consid-.erable heterogeneity in the amount of antigen they contain. Concomitantly with the increase in prespore cells, the number of cells stained by the prestalk antibodies decreased to a level of ca. 20% by the slug stage. From these experiments, we suggest that the prestalk antigen is synthesized in the majority of cells during the early period of aggregation. Within tight cell aggregates, some of these cells lose the antigen to become prespore cells and the normal proportion between the two cell types will eventually result within slugs.The cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum is well suited for the studies of cell differentiation and pattern formation because of its unique developmental characteristics. After cessation of feeding, D. discoideum cells aggregate to form slugshaped cell masses, which eventually construct fruiting bodies consisting of spores and stalk cells. During the formation of a fruiting body, the anterior cells of a slug differentiate into stalk cells, whereas the posterior cells differentiate into spores.Recent studies on changes in protein and. mRNA syntheses during the development of this organism indicate that the major changes in gene expression occur at the late aggregation stage when tight cell-to-cell contacts form (1-3). This coincides in time with the appearance of prespore cells, as identified by their specific products, such as prespore antigen (4), UDP-galactose-polysaccharide transferase responsible for the synthesis of the antigen (5), and the prespore vacuole (PSV) (6, 7) containing the prespore antigen (8). Prespore and prestalk cells are characterized by the synthesis of specific proteins (9, 10).By the use of polyspecific antiserum produced against spores [including antibodies reactive against an acid mucopolysaccharide (11)], prespore differentiation has been examined in detail (12-14): prespore cells begin to appear within an aggregate about to form a tip and then rapidly increase in number, so that the prestalk-prespore pattern is completely formed at the standing slug stage. On the other hand, the time and location of prestalk differentiation and its relation to prespore diffe...

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Comparison of proteins synthesized by anterior and posterior regions of Dictyostelium discoideum pseudoplasmodia

Cited by 68 publications

References 18 publications

Developmental regulation of Dictyostelium discoideum actin gene fusions carried on low-copy and high-copy transformation vectors.

Developmental regulation of Dictyostelium discoideum actin gene fusions carried on low-copy and high-copy transformation vectors.

A secreted factor and cyclic AMP jointly regulate cell-type-specific gene expression in Dictyostelium discoideum.

Prestalk and prespore differentiation in Dictyostelium as detected by cell type-specific monoclonal antibodies

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