Comparison of Prevalence of Feline Herpesvirus Type 1, Calicivirus and Parvovirus Infections in Domestic and Leopard Cats in Vietnam

Abstract

ABSTRACT. A serosurvey of feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1), feline calicivirus (FCV), and feline parvovirus (FPV) in cats from Ho Chi Minh City area in southern Vietnam was conducted in December 1998, and we compared the results with our previous results in northern Vietnam (Hanoi area). The positive rate of FHV and FCV in domestic cats were 44% and 74%, respectively. They were rather higher than those in Hanoi area, while the seropositivity of FPV (44%) was similar to that in Hanoi area. In leopard cats, the positive rate of FPV was high (3/4) and it indicated that FPV was prevailing in leopard cats in Vietnam.-KEY WORDS: feline calicivirus, feline herpesvirus type 1, feline parvovirus.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 61(12): 1313-1315 countries, cats are recognized as a working animal to catch mice. Previously we conducted a serosurvey for the viruses in domestic and leopard cats from Hanoi area in northern Vietnam in 1997 [8, 10]. In the present study, we expanded the study and collected samples of cats from Ho Chi Minh City (HCM) area in southern Vietnam and compared the results with our previous reports in northern Vietnam. As a consequence, we found that prevalence of the viruses was different between the areas. A total of 54 blood samples were collected from 50 domestic cats (Felis catus) and 4 leopard cats (Felis bengalensis) in December 1998. Most of the domestic cats were less than 4 years old. In addition, all the cats are considered to be unvaccinated for prophylaxis of viral infections because the vaccines are not commercially sold. As for the leopard cats, one cat from the Saigon ZooBotanical Garderns, one cat was household, two cats were captured in the vicinity of HCM. The cats were immobilized by an intramuscular injection with 20 mg/kg of Ketamine before sampling. The blood samples, from which plasmas were isolated, were collected by adding heparin for anticoagulation. The antibodies against FHV-1, FCV and FPV were tested by the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) as described previously [8]. Plasma samples were screened at a dilution of 1:50 in the IFA.The results of this survey together with our previous reports [8,10] were summarized in Table 1. In Hanoi area, a positive rate for FHV-1 antibody was only 1.4%. The positive rates of FCV and FPV were 39 and 54%, respectively. On the contrary, in HCM area, the positive rate of FHV-1 antibody was 44%, which is by far higher than in Hanoi area. In addition, we found that the positive rate in male cats was three times higher than that in female cats. The positive rate of FCV antibody was 74% which was two times higher than that in Hanoi area. Unlike the FHV-1 infection, in FCV positive rates, we could not find a

Serological Detection of Viral Infections in Captive Wild Cats from Costa Rica

“…It is noteworthy that only 17.8% of urban domestic cats from Costa Rica that were positive for FPV had been vaccinated against the agent [4]. One ocelot contained detectable serum antibodies against FCV, in accordance with results reported by Blanco [9], who detected a relatively low prevalence (30.1%) of serum antibodies against FCV in domestic cats of Costa Rica, and contrasts with other studies that have reported greater prevalences of FCV exposure among domestic cats [10, 11]. The results obtained in Costa Rica may be due to the antigen source used in the SN assay.…”

Pathogen exposure varies widely among sympatric populations of wild and domestic felids across the United States

“…Each felid species is typically infected via direct contact with conspecifics with species-adapted strains of FIV, thus this pathogen serves as a marker for intraspecific disease spread (VandeWoude et al 2010). The three remaining directly transmitted viruses (FHV-1, FPV, and FCV) are thought to primarily reside in domestic cats, but can infect bobcats and puma as well (Eberle et al 1991, Paul-Murphy et al 1994, Nakamura et al 1999, Riley et al 2004, Allison et al 2013, Foley et al 2013). Probabilities of exposure may be less for the directly transmitted pathogens owing to dependence on direct interactions (Lelu et al 2010.…”

Seroprevalence of Viral Infections in Domestic Cats in Costa Rice

“…However, due to rapid population growth, the habitats of these wild felids are being fragmentized, and therefore contact between wild and domestic animals is possible. Epidemiological surveys of viral diseases in domestic cat populations have been conducted in developed countries [1,6,13,15], with only a few reports in tropical countries [14,16]; however, a worldwide distribution of these viruses is suspected [11]. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of antibodies against feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1), feline parvovirus (FPV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and antigens of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) in domestic cats from the greater metropolitan area of Costa Rica in order to assess the possible risk to endangered wild felid populations [3,10,16].…”