Comparison of precipitation effects in space-borne X- and Ka-band SAR imaging

Danklmayer, Andreas; Chandra, Madhu

doi:10.1109/igarss.2009.5417525

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The short wavelength X-band SAR signals are prone to multiple scattering at canopy level hence will not be useful to map the inundated status of densely vegetated or over the forest regions, also the X-band SAR sensors produce cloud shadows due to the attenuation of short wavelength signals. 26,27 The C-band SAR data exhibit encouraging results over the regions where vegetation cover is sparse and used when the availability of high-frequency SAR sensor coverage is limited. 28 With reference to identifying suitable SAR polarization data for the flood area mapping application, it has been observed that the flooded areas would be easier to identify with like-polarized data rather than crosspolarized data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25 With reference to frequency of the SAR signals, the X-band SAR sensors (2.4 to 3.75 cm) produces cloud shadows in the calibrated SAR image due to the attenuation of the short wavelength of the X-band signals. 26,27 During flood-related disasters, the cloud formation over the disaster region is a parallel event. Hence, higher wavelength SAR data are preferred to map the inundated regions.…”

Section: Sar Signal Response Over the Inland Water Bodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of synthetic aperture radar frequency, polarization, and incidence angle data for mapping the inundated regions

Manavalan

2018

J. Appl. Rem. Sens.

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The use and importance of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data for flood area mapping studies have been proved beyond the doubts as SAR signals are able to penetrate the thick formation of clouds and are able to receive the reflected signals of surface objects even during extreme weather conditions. At the same time, the accuracies of an SAR image-based flood area mapping model has a direct relationship with the frequency of the source SAR signal, the polarization mode that has been used, and the incidence angle by which the disaster region has been sensed. In addition to this, while evolving SAR image-based flood area mapping models, it is a must to understand the response of the inundated regions of the different geographical regions, as well as the response of the same geographical region during different climatic and seasonal periods as the same object, produces different signatures in varying situations. As of this date, there is no single article that can synchronize such information, which is widely disseminated across various research publications. This article mainly focuses on gathering and reviewing such vital information as well as bringing out the details about the physical basis of the interaction of the radar signal with various water surfaces of different geographical conditions, the response of inundated regions under different frequency, polarization, and incidence angle. Such information is mainly used to understand the difficulties that arise when mapping the inundated regions using the SAR image. In the end, the significant observations of the literature reviews are highlighted, which is very useful for young researchers who are interested in building flood area application models using different sets of SAR data.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sar Signal Response Over the Inland Water Bodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of synthetic aperture radar frequency, polarization, and incidence angle data for mapping the inundated regions

Manavalan

2018

J. Appl. Rem. Sens.

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“…For calculation rain rates which cause apparent attenuation in distinct frequency-band SAR images, a classic model [4] is used. Height of rainfall is assumed as 4 km, when rain rate is considered homogenous in this model.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, SAR images might be significantly damaged by the high-intensity rainfall, when radar wave goes through the precipitation media along the propagation path [3][4]. For the analysis of rainfall attenuation effects, the attenuation is conveniently subdivided into two major kinds, i.e., scattering attenuation and absorption loss [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Precipitation Environment in Multi-Band 3-D Complex Objects SAR Imaging

Chen

et al. 2014

AMM

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Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is generally considered as an all-time and all-weather system. However, weather conditions will sometimes still affect the SAR imaging, especially when rain rate or operating frequencies are increased. In this paper, the influence of rainfall attenuation in multi-band 3-D complex target SAR imaging is investigated. As SAR echo can be considered as scattering from the target illuminated by incident wave, physical optics (PO) method is used to compute the scattered data because of its good balance between efficiency and accuracy in high frequency band. Numerical results demonstrate the rain attenuation impact on SAR image, when the relationship between rain rate and precipitation attenuation in multi-frequency band are quantitative analyzed.

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“…To quantify attenuation of radar backscatter induced by rain fall, Urlaby [25] proposed a radiative transfer model for C-band radar. Danklmayer and Chandra [26] present a model to quantify the attenuation for Ka-and X-band SAR. This two-way path attenuation model is given as:…”

Section: Influence Of Rainfall On X-band Sar Data and Its Retrieved Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Hurricane Monitoring With Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar

Li¹,

Lehner²

2017

Springer Natural Hazards

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Several TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X ScanSAR images are acquired in October, 2012 to track the Hurricane Sandy. Three of the images are acquired in the open sea, which are presented in this chapter to demonstrate observations of sea surface wind and wave extracted from X-band ScanSAR image with high spatial resolution of 17 m in the hurricane. In the case of the TerraSAR-X image acquired on October 26, 2012, we analyze the peak wave direction and length of swell generated by Hurricane Sandy, as well as interaction of swell with the Abaco Island, Bahamas. In the other two cases, sea surface wind field derived from the TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X acquired on October 27 and 28 are presented. The sea surface wind speed retrieved by the X-band Geophysical Model Function (GMF) XMOD2 using wind direction derived from SAR images and the NOAA Hurricane Research Division (HRD) wind analyses are both presented for comparisons. We also compare the retrieved sea surface wind speed with Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR) to quantify effect of rainfall on X-band SAR images.

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Comparison of precipitation effects in space-borne X- and Ka-band SAR imaging

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Review of synthetic aperture radar frequency, polarization, and incidence angle data for mapping the inundated regions

Review of synthetic aperture radar frequency, polarization, and incidence angle data for mapping the inundated regions

Influence of Precipitation Environment in Multi-Band 3-D Complex Objects SAR Imaging

Hurricane Monitoring With Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar

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