Comparison of polycarbazole obtained by oxidation of carbazole either in solution or in thin film form

Taoudi, H.; Bernède, J.C.; Bonnet, A.; Morsli, M.; Godoy, A.

doi:10.1016/s0040-6090(97)00111-9

Cited by 51 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…First, the iodine doping efficiency is better in the case of the polymer obtained from carbazole thin films. This result is a confirmation of an earlier study (Table V), 11 in which it has been shown that the polymerization efficiency of these polymers was better than that of the other polymer obtained from carbazole in solution in the electrolyte. The better polymerization induces longer chain formation, which facilitates the formation of the complex salt iodine-polymer.…”

Section: ϫ3supporting

confidence: 91%

“…1 Polyaniline, 2 polythiophene, 3 and polypyrrole 4 have been extensively studied, but only few works have been devoted to polycarbazole. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] The electrical conductivity of polycarbazole has been yet found quite smaller than that obtained with the more classical conductive polymers. 11 Therefore, in the present work, the properties of polycarbazole obtained by electrochemistry and post-doped by iodine have been studied in order to improve its conductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5][6][7][8][9][10][11] The electrical conductivity of polycarbazole has been yet found quite smaller than that obtained with the more classical conductive polymers. 11 Therefore, in the present work, the properties of polycarbazole obtained by electrochemistry and post-doped by iodine have been studied in order to improve its conductivity. Experimental results of the electrical conductivity measurements are interpreted with the help of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron spin resonance (ESR) studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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XPS and ESR studies of electrochemically synthesized polycarbazole post-doped with iodine

Bernède¹,

Taoudi²,

Bonnet³

et al. 1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Polycarbazole powders obtained by electrochemical oxidation of carbazole thin films or of carbazole in solution in the electrolyte have been post-doped with iodine and characterized by room temperature electrical conductivity, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electron spin resonance (ESR). Similar results are obtained with polymers saturated with iodine at room temperature after 6 weeks and with polymers doped at 383 K for 24 h. The polymers obtained from carbazole thin films have a higher electrical conductivity ( ϳ 10 Ϫ4 ⍀ Ϫ1 cm Ϫ1 ) and a higher spin density (9.9 10 21 spins mol Ϫ1 g Ϫ1 ), which corresponds to 71 atom % of ionic iodine. The polymer radicals are located on the nitrogen, and the percentage of N ϩ is 40 atom %. The electrical conductivity of the polymers obtained from carbazole in solution in the electrolyte is two order of magnitude smaller. The percentage of N ϩ is only 25 atom % with an ionic iodine percentage of 13 atom %. So, the most important parameter is not the iodine percentage introduced after doping into the polymers but the percentage of ionic iodine present in the polymers. The differences that are put in evidence can be explained by a better polymerization efficiency of the carbazole when it is deposited on thin film form by vacuum evaporation before electrochemical oxydation.

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Section: ϫ3supporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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XPS and ESR studies of electrochemically synthesized polycarbazole post-doped with iodine

Bernède¹,

Taoudi²,

Bonnet³

et al. 1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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“…The SEM micrographs reveal that PCz electrocoated potentiodynamically on CFME in the NaClO 4 /ACN medium. The micrographs of electrocoated polycarbazole on CFME also show a cauliflower-like structure (prepared at 0.1 M NaClO 4 /ACN) [53]. The thickness of coated PCz in TEAP/CH 2 Cl 2 was 0.25 lm (Figure 12(b)).…”

Section: Sem Images Of Electrocoated Polymers On Carbon Fiber Microelmentioning

confidence: 92%

Electrolyte and solvent effects of electrocoated polycarbazole thin films on carbon fiber microelectrodes

2006

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Carbazole was electrochemically synthesized on carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFMEs) in different electrolyte and solvent media. The characterization of polycarbazole thin films formed on micron sized carbon fiber electrodes was performed by electrochemical methods (i.e., cyclic voltammetric measurements, solid state conductivity measurements (four point probe), spectrophotometric methods (ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), ex situ spectroelectrochemistry, fourier transform infrared reflectance spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR)) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The best electrolyte and solvent in regards to yield, conductivity and charge for the electrografting was sodium perchlorate in acetonitrile, whose conductivity was 3.60 mS cm )1 , had a yield of 89% and had a charge of 5.50C. The effects of scan rate, feed ratio, supporting electrolyte and solvent type on the electropolymerization are discussed.

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“…[5][6][7] Polycarbazole (PCz) and its derivatives have been suggested for a number of applications such as redox catalyst, photoactive devices, sensors, and electrochromic displays, [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] showing fluorescence, photo activity, and conductivity properties. 17 However, capacitor behavior of PCz-coated carbon fiber microelectrode (CFME) was not reported in literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microcomposite electrochemical capacitor: Electrocoating of poly[N‐(hydroxymethyl)carbazole] onto carbon fiber, surface morphology, spectroscopic surface characterization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Sarac¹,

Parlak²,

Serhatlı³

et al. 2007

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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N-(Hydroxymethyl)carbazole (MeOHCz) was electrocoated on carbon fiber micro electrodes (diameter $ 7 mm) in different solvents by cyclovoltammetric method as thin film (0.17-2.73 mm). Surface characterization of electrocoated poly [N-(hydroxymethyl)carbazole] of carbon fiber microelectrode (CFME) was performed by reflectance FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. Capacitor behavior of modified CFME was studied by electrochemical impedance spectrometry. The deposition rate of polymer growth affected the redox parameters of resulting coated CFME. The solvent effect on the redox and capacitor behavior of poly [N-(hydroxymethyl)carbazole] (PMeOHCz)-coated CFME was investigated, and electroactivity in acetonitrile (ACN) was the highest among the investigated solvents. On the other hand, the electrocoated polymer exhibited the faster charge/discharge process in propylene carbonate (PC). PMeOHCz thin film was very stable up to 1000 mV/s in ACN, PC, and dichloromethane (CH 2 Cl 2 ).

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Comparison of polycarbazole obtained by oxidation of carbazole either in solution or in thin film form

Cited by 51 publications

References 14 publications

XPS and ESR studies of electrochemically synthesized polycarbazole post-doped with iodine

XPS and ESR studies of electrochemically synthesized polycarbazole post-doped with iodine

Electrolyte and solvent effects of electrocoated polycarbazole thin films on carbon fiber microelectrodes

Microcomposite electrochemical capacitor: Electrocoating of poly[N‐(hydroxymethyl)carbazole] onto carbon fiber, surface morphology, spectroscopic surface characterization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

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