Comparison of platelet pellet with or without guided tissue regeneration in the treatment of class II furcation defects in dogs

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare histological effectiveness of platelet pellet (PP), which has higher platelet content than platelet-rich plasma, and the combination of PP/guided tissue regeneration (GTR) for class II furcation defects in dogs. The mandibular second, third, and fourth premolars of both sides in four dogs were used. Class II furcation defects (5 mm in height and 2 mm in depth) were surgically created. Five weeks after the first operation, second premolars were treated with scaling and root planing (group 1); right third and fourth premolars received PP (group 2), and left premolars received the combination of PP/GTR (group 3). Percentage of cementum and alveolar bone formation were evaluated by histometric analysis after a healing period of 12 weeks. There was new cementum along with periodontal ligament and coronal growth of alveolar bone in all groups. Cementum formation was significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 compared to the control group (P < 0.05) with no significant difference between groups 2 and 3. Limited alveolar bone formation was statistically similar in all groups (P > 0.05). It is concluded that both PP and the combination of PP/GTR are effective in the treatment of class II furcation defects in dogs. PP thus appears to be a suitable alternative material in the regenerative periodontal therapy.

Comparative Evaluation of Platelet-rich Plasma and Guided Tissue Regeneration Membrane in the Healing of Apicomarginal Defects: A Clinical Study

“…Papli and Chen (17) in a prospective case series observed that autologous platelet concentrate achieves a similar PD reduction, clinical attachment level, and radiographic bone fill to GTR using bioabsorbable barrier membrane over a 52-week period in the treatment of infrabony defects. Subsequently, Keles et al (18) compared the histologic effectiveness of platelet pellet (PP) and the combination of PP/GTR and observed significantly higher cementum formation after surgical therapies with both PP and PP/GTR compared with that of controls with regards to the histomorphometric values. No significant difference in these parameters was found between the PP and PP/GTR groups, and PP appears to be a suitable alternative material in the regenerative periodontal therapy.…”

“…The aggregation of platelets releases chemotactic factors for leukocytes along with growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-a and -b, which promote tissue regeneration (16). One case series (17) and one histologic study (18) comparing autologous platelet concentrate with a bioabsorbable membrane in periodontal defects found similar results between the two groups, suggesting that autologous platelet concentrate could be used in lieu of a membrane for periodontal GTR applications (17,18). However, in endodontics, no reports have been found comparing the efficacy and equivalence of PRP with GTR membrane during the treatment of apicomarginal defects.…”

A clinical and radiographic evaluation of the management of periodontal osseous defects with alloplast and platelet rich plasma

“…Histomorphometric analysis revealed a higher percentage of bone contact in cases where PRP was used in conjunction with bone graft [33]. Some authors showed that the filling with a PRP gel alone achieved a similar bone regeneration than the use of a membrane for guided tissue regeneration [46,47] or even than the filling with a bone substitute [48]. However, other authors demonstrated that PRP alone was not able to support a significant bone regeneration [25] and that PRP should be associated to other materials in order to give good results for the healing of periodontal lesions [49].…”

Unanswered Questions

“…The amount of new bone growth varied. Keles and colleagues 33 reported "limited coronal new bone growth." Suiad and colleagues 39 (Fig.…”

“…Table 1 lists studies of class II and class III furcation defects in animal models-mainly dogs but also baboons and minipigs-treated with a variety of periodontal regenerative agents. The treatments include recombinant human transforming growth factor b3, 32 platelet pellet, 33 polylactide-co-glycolide acid/calcium phosphate bilayered biomaterial, 34 human osteogenic protein-1 and human transforming growth factor-b3, 35 cultured PDL cells, 36 collagen hydrogel/sponge scaffold, 37 enamel matrix derivative with a biphasic calcium phosphate, 38 and bioactive glass/platelet rich plasma. 39 All these animal studies with histology reported new bone growth in furcation defects.…”