Abstract:The stiffness of the placenta determined by the ARFI technique is significantly higher in pre-eclampsia patients. ARFI elastography of the placenta might be used as a non-invasive and easy method in the diagnosis and evaluation of pre-eclampsia as a supplement to the already existing methods.
“…There is limited data regarding ARFI scores changes during different gestational weeks. The studies involving ARFI examinations included the third trimester of gestation in the literature [13,19]. We did not evaluate the histopathologic findings of the placentas.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There have been limited studies concerning ARFI investigating placental elasticity [17][18][19]. Sugitani et al [13] measured the placental elasticity by using ARFI in an ex vivo study and they found higher ARFI scores in intrauterine growth restricted and hypertensive pregnancies.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Sugitani et al [13] measured the placental elasticity by using ARFI in an ex vivo study and they found higher ARFI scores in intrauterine growth restricted and hypertensive pregnancies. Recent in vivo studies demonstrated that the placenta becomes stiffer in preeclamptic pregnancies [17][18][19]. Placental infarction, inflammation of trophoblastic villi and vasculitis are major findings which occur in intrauterine growth restricted and hypertensive pregnancies [25].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It has been used for various diseases as well as in placenta pathology [13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography is relatively a new method which uses a short acoustic push pulse in the target tissue, which causes a tissue displacement of approximately 1-20 um.…”
Aims: Maternal red blood cell alloimmunization is an important cause of fetal morbidity and mortality in the perinatal period, despite well-organized prophylaxis programs. The objective of the study was to evaluate placental elasticity by using Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) in Rhesus (Rh) alloimmunized pregnant women with hydropic and nonhydropic fetuses and to compare those with healthy pregnant women. Material and methods: This case-control and descriptive study comprised twenty-eight healthy pregnant women, 14 Rh alloimmunized pregnant women with nonhydropic fetuses, and 16 Rh alloimmunized pregnant women with hydropic fetuses in the third trimester of pregnancy. Placental elasticity measurements were performed by ARFI elastosonography at the day of delivery. The maternal characteristics and neonatal outcomes of the patients were also noted. Results: The highest mean placental ARFI scores were observed in Rh alloimmunized pregnant women with hydropic fetuses (1.13 m/s) (p=0.001). Healthy controls and Rh alloimmunized pregnant women with nonhydropic fetuses had similar mean placenta ARFI scores (0.84 m/s, 0.88 m/s, respectively) (p<0.05). Conclusions: Based on the present findings, the placenta becomes stiffer in Rh alloimmunized pregnancies complicated with hydrops fetalis. The increased placental ARFI scores may be a supplemental marker for adverse pregnancy outcomes, additional to Doppler evaluation of middle cerebral artery. This data should be confirmed with a large sample size and prospective studies by using serial measurements of ARFI elastosonography in maternal red blood cell alloimmunization.
“…There is limited data regarding ARFI scores changes during different gestational weeks. The studies involving ARFI examinations included the third trimester of gestation in the literature [13,19]. We did not evaluate the histopathologic findings of the placentas.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There have been limited studies concerning ARFI investigating placental elasticity [17][18][19]. Sugitani et al [13] measured the placental elasticity by using ARFI in an ex vivo study and they found higher ARFI scores in intrauterine growth restricted and hypertensive pregnancies.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Sugitani et al [13] measured the placental elasticity by using ARFI in an ex vivo study and they found higher ARFI scores in intrauterine growth restricted and hypertensive pregnancies. Recent in vivo studies demonstrated that the placenta becomes stiffer in preeclamptic pregnancies [17][18][19]. Placental infarction, inflammation of trophoblastic villi and vasculitis are major findings which occur in intrauterine growth restricted and hypertensive pregnancies [25].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It has been used for various diseases as well as in placenta pathology [13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography is relatively a new method which uses a short acoustic push pulse in the target tissue, which causes a tissue displacement of approximately 1-20 um.…”
Aims: Maternal red blood cell alloimmunization is an important cause of fetal morbidity and mortality in the perinatal period, despite well-organized prophylaxis programs. The objective of the study was to evaluate placental elasticity by using Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) in Rhesus (Rh) alloimmunized pregnant women with hydropic and nonhydropic fetuses and to compare those with healthy pregnant women. Material and methods: This case-control and descriptive study comprised twenty-eight healthy pregnant women, 14 Rh alloimmunized pregnant women with nonhydropic fetuses, and 16 Rh alloimmunized pregnant women with hydropic fetuses in the third trimester of pregnancy. Placental elasticity measurements were performed by ARFI elastosonography at the day of delivery. The maternal characteristics and neonatal outcomes of the patients were also noted. Results: The highest mean placental ARFI scores were observed in Rh alloimmunized pregnant women with hydropic fetuses (1.13 m/s) (p=0.001). Healthy controls and Rh alloimmunized pregnant women with nonhydropic fetuses had similar mean placenta ARFI scores (0.84 m/s, 0.88 m/s, respectively) (p<0.05). Conclusions: Based on the present findings, the placenta becomes stiffer in Rh alloimmunized pregnancies complicated with hydrops fetalis. The increased placental ARFI scores may be a supplemental marker for adverse pregnancy outcomes, additional to Doppler evaluation of middle cerebral artery. This data should be confirmed with a large sample size and prospective studies by using serial measurements of ARFI elastosonography in maternal red blood cell alloimmunization.
“…Therefore, this method is not only useful for liver stiffness measurement but also for determination of changes in stiffness of the spleen[48], testis[49], thyroid[50], breast[51], placenta[52], pancreas in chronic pancreatitis[53] and transplanted kidney[54]. The technique is based on an acoustic impulse and measurement of the speed of the shear wave induced by it; results are displayed in m/s.…”
Changes in liver structure are an important issue in chronic hepatopathies. Until the end of the 20th century, these changes could only be determined by histological analyses of a liver specimen obtained via biopsy. The well-known limitations of this technique (i.e., pain, bleeding and the need for sedation) have precluded its routine use in follow-up of patients with liver diseases. However, the introduction of non-invasive technologies, such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, for measurement of liver stiffness as an indirect marker of fibroses has changed this situation. Today, several non-invasive tools are available to physicians to estimate the degree of liver fibrosis by analysing liver stiffness. This review describes the currently available tools for liver stiffness determination that are applicable to follow-up of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis with established clinical use in children, and discusses their features in comparison to the “historical” tools.
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