Comparison of pictorial techniques for guiding performance during training.

Abstract

An experimental program was conducted to develop effective methods for producing and utilizing filmed demonstrations and instructional manuals. Four variations on conventional filmed demonstrations were evaluated: 1) revising an Army film through repeated tryouts with novices, 2) stopping the projector after each step is demonstrated to allow practice of that step, 3) showing the complete film an extra time before practice, and 4) using an animation technique in the introduction. The film variations and a pictorial book program were compared. All methods took roughly the same amount of time to train, if time to show the film is included. Need for assistance can be sharply reduced by using the revised film, or by showing the film one step at a time. An extra showing helps reduce the need for extra time and assistance if the showing is continuous. (Author/3Y) the first trial, the taimber of assists needed was reduced by the use of the revised film, by showing the film step by step, and by an extra showing of the film. (The extra presentation, however, seemed to benefit only those subjects who got another continuous A movie technique in which the parts appear to pop suddenly into place, one at a time , to form the completed assembly.