Comparison of PCR, (1→3)-β-D-glucan and galactomannan assays in sera of rats with experimental invasive aspergillosis

Hashimoto, Atsuro; Yamakami, Yuriko; Kamberi, Perparim; Yamagata, Eiji; Karashima, Reiko; Nagaoka, Hiroshi; Nasu, Masaru

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2825(1998)12:5<257::aid-jcla1>3.0.co;2-3

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In contrast to BDG and GM results, detection of A. fumigatus DNA by nPCR in our rat model was not as sensitive as has been reported in some previous experimental studies 16–18 . Hashimoto et al.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 93%

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Detection of Aspergillus fumigatus‐specific DNA, (1–3)‐β‐d‐glucan and galactomannan in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens of experimentally infected rats

Khan

Ahmad

Theyyathel

2007

Mycoses

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The aim of this study was to detect Aspergillus fumigatus-specific DNA by nested PCR (nPCR) in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens of experimentally infected rats and compare the results with (1-3)-beta-D-glucan (BDG) and galactomannan (GM) detection. Sixty Wistar rats, immunosuppressed with an intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (70 mg kg(-1)) were infected with 1 x 10(6)A. fumigatus conidia. The rats were killed on days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 postinfection in groups of six each and their BAL, blood and lungs were cultured. The A. fumigatus-specific DNA, BDG and GM in serum and BAL were detected by nPCR, Fungitell kit and Aspergillus Platelia kit respectively. Base line values were obtained by using sera from six healthy rats. Except the lungs, blood and BAL specimens of all the infected rats were negative for A. fumigatus culture. The BDG, GM and nPCR positivity in serum specimens was 80%, 77% and 63% respectively. The sensitivity of GM and nPCR tests in BAL specimens was 77% and 70% respectively. The data suggest that BDG and GM appear early in the course of infection, and have similar kinetics (r = 0.483, P = 0.007). Hence, their combined detection could be useful in the early diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 93%

“…Hashimoto et al. [16] found that on day 2 after inoculation, the combined sensitivity of BDG and nPCR was 80%, while GM alone was positive in only 60% of rats. In contrast, on day 3 after inoculation, nPCR showed a sensitivity of 88%, whereas GM and BDG had a sensitivity of 75% and 71% respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Aspergillus fumigatus‐specific DNA, (1–3)‐β‐d‐glucan and galactomannan in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens of experimentally infected rats

Khan

Ahmad

Theyyathel

2007

Mycoses

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“…In mammalian IA and PCP models, BG parallels fungal burden and declines with effective therapy [5,6,14–16]. Data on post‐diagnostic BG kinetics in humans are sparse, but the available data are concordant with our findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Post-diagnostic kinetics of the (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan assay in invasive aspergillosis, invasive candidiasis and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

Koo

Baden

Marty

2012

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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The kinetics of serum (1→3)-β-D-glucan (BG) following the diagnosis of invasive fungal disease and administration of antifungal therapy are poorly characterized. It is unknown whether early BG changes have prognostic implications. We assessed the post-diagnostic kinetics of BG in patients with an initial serum BG ≥80 pg/mL and at least one additional post-diagnostic BG value in the setting of invasive aspergillosis (IA, n=69), invasive candidiasis (IC, n=40), or Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP, n=18), treated with antifungal therapy. Clinical failure of antifungal therapy and mortality were assessed at 6 and 12 weeks, and Cox modeling was used to assess the hazard of initial BG and change in BG at 1 or 2 weeks for these outcomes. In patients with ≥2 BG values, median initial BG was >500 pg/mL (IQR (interquartile range) 168, >500; range 80, >500) in IA, 136 pg/mL (IQR 88, >500; range 31, >500) in IC, and >500 pg/mL (IQR 235, >500; range 86, >500) in PCP. In patients with ≥2 BG values through one week after diagnosis, overall one-week decline in BG was 0 pg/mL (IQR 0, 53) in IA, 0 (IQR −65, 12) in IC, and 17 (IQR 0, 82) in PCP. Most patients with BG values through 6 and 12 weeks had persistent levels >80 pg/mL. Initial BG and the early trajectory of BG were not predictive of 6 or 12-week clinical failure or mortality. While BG eventually declines in patients with IA, IC, and PCP, it lacks prognostic value within a clinically meaningful time frame.

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“…Since the pellet contains fungal elements, whereas free DNA may be present in the serum, our method could fail to detect circulating free DNA. It is possible that a PCR assay in which circulating DNA is detected in serum gives a better correlation with fungal load and severity of disease thus gives more consistent results (4,10). Comparison of PCR assays in serum with PCR methods as used in our study should be investigated in future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Several other studies have compared PCR and GM detection for the diagnosis of IPA in blood. Hashimoto et al compared PCR, a (1 3 3) ␤-D-glucan assay, and GM detection in a rat model of IPA (10). In their study the sensitivity of PCR was higher (80 to 87%) in the early phase of the disease than that of the (1 3 3) ␤-D-glucan assay (60 to 75%) or of GM detection (71 to 80%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Galactomannan Detection Is Superior to PCR in Diagnosing and Monitoring Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in an Experimental Rat Model

Becker¹,

Marie²,

Willemse³

et al. 2000

J Clin Microbiol

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Two diagnostic tests, an Aspergillus-specific PCR and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the quantitative determination of galactomannan, were compared for diagnosing and monitoring invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Persistently neutropenic rats with left-sided invasive pulmonary aspergillosis were sacrificed at regular intervals after inoculation. Blood samples and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were cultured and tested by PCR as well as by ELISA. Disseminated fungal infection in extrapulmonary organs was determined. The sensitivity of the ELISA was higher than that of the PCR on all days of measurements, in both blood and BAL fluid. Positive PCR or ELISA results in blood were not significantly associated with disseminated fungal infection. Serial testing in a separate group of rats showed consistently increasing concentrations of circulating galactomannan during the course of disease, while a positive PCR could be followed by negative results. The concentration of galactomannan was highly predictive for the time of survival (P < 0.0001). It was concluded that, in this model, quantitative galactomannan detection is superior to PCR in diagnosing and monitoring invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.

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Comparison of PCR, (1→3)-β-D-glucan and galactomannan assays in sera of rats with experimental invasive aspergillosis

Cited by 28 publications

References 28 publications

Detection of Aspergillus fumigatus‐specific DNA, (1–3)‐β‐d‐glucan and galactomannan in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens of experimentally infected rats

Detection of Aspergillus fumigatus‐specific DNA, (1–3)‐β‐d‐glucan and galactomannan in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens of experimentally infected rats

Post-diagnostic kinetics of the (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan assay in invasive aspergillosis, invasive candidiasis and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

Quantitative Galactomannan Detection Is Superior to PCR in Diagnosing and Monitoring Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in an Experimental Rat Model

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