Comparison of PCDD and PCDF concentrations after aerobic and anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge

Disse, G.; Weber, H.; Hamann, Rainer; Haupt, H.‐J.

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(95)00210-y

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The profile gradient could also reflect differences in the age of the deposited PCDD/F. The production of lesser chlorinated congeners from highly chlorinated congeners via dechlorination has been observed in sediment under anaerobic and aerobic conditions ( , ). The profiles at industrial and urban areas could represent recently deposited PCDD/F that had little chance for dechlorination.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran Concentration Profiles in Sediment and Fish Tissue of the Willamette Basin, Oregon

Bonn

1998

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) are highly hydrophobic compounds that have been implicated as carcinogens and, more recently, as estrogen disrupters. An occurrence and distribution study of these compounds in the Willamette Basin, Oregon, was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program. Bed sediment was collected from 22 sites; fish tissue was collected from eight sites. PCDD/F were found to be ubiquitous in Willamette Basin sediment. A distinct homolog profile, dominated by octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, was observed in sediment throughout the basin. The PCDD homolog profile was consistent at all sites, regardless of total PCDD/F concentration, presence of point sources, subbasin size, geographic location or land use. Principal components analysis revealed a gradient among the homolog profiles that showed increasing dominance of highly chlorinated congeners where human and industrial activity increased. Tissue and bed sediment obtained from the same site did not have similar PCDD/F concentrations or homolog profiles. Fish tissue showed enrichment in less chlorinated congeners and congeners with chlorine substitutions in the 2, 3, 7 and 8 positions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran Concentration Profiles in Sediment and Fish Tissue of the Willamette Basin, Oregon

Bonn

1998

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The anthropogenic activity is considered the primary route but it is not the only one. The enzymatic formation from dioxin precursors is suspected to be another route and has been previously detected during sewage sludge treatment (Disse et al, 1995;Öberg et al, 1993) and also dosed with pentachlorophenol (PCP) (Klimm et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCDD/F determination in sewage sludge composting. Influence of aeration and the presence of PCP

Muñoz

Garrido

Gómez-Rico

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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Composting of sewage sludge is a common practice for sludge disposal. Some previous studies found high levels of polychorodibenzo-p-dioxins and polychorodibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) after composting, especially octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) but also 1234678-heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1234678-HpCDD) to a lesser extent. In this work, the concentrations of OCDD, 1234678-HpCDD and the rest of the 17 toxic congeners of PCDD/Fs were determined in compost obtained under different conditions. Although the toxicity of the two compounds mentioned above is small, their generation may reach undesirable levels. The PCDD/F content was analyzed in a composting plant and in a laboratory test. In both cases, the composted material was a mixture of sewage sludge, straw and sawdust. The composting plant was a tunnel with air turbine aeration and with a turner to homogenize and move the mixture upwards. The laboratory tests were carried out with Dewar vessels (with air dispersion at the bottom and controlled temperature) and with small vessels inside a controlled oven with non-forced aeration. The laboratory runs were also carried out with the addition of pentachlorophenol in some runs, as a dioxin precursor. The highest OCDD levels were found in three samples of the composting plant (30000-90000pg/g dry matter or dm), with toxicity values surpassing the limit level for soil amendment (17pgI-TEQ/gdm). Their formation was analyzed considering their concentration vs. that of octachorodibenzofuran (OCDF), which is not formed during composting. In the laboratory, in experiments carried out in a vessel with non-forced aeration conditions and with the addition of pentachlorophenol, the formation of OCDD was significant (e.g. from 80 to 1500pg/gdm). That means that these two factors, non-forced aeration and the presence of pentachlorophenol, can cause the OCDD formation.

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The Fate of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in the Wastewater Treatment Process

Samara

Katsoyiannis

2004

Water Encyclopedia

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Comparison of PCDD and PCDF concentrations after aerobic and anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran Concentration Profiles in Sediment and Fish Tissue of the Willamette Basin, Oregon

Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran Concentration Profiles in Sediment and Fish Tissue of the Willamette Basin, Oregon

PCDD/F determination in sewage sludge composting. Influence of aeration and the presence of PCP

The Fate of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in the Wastewater Treatment Process

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