Comparison of outcomes of endoscopic ear surgery with microsurgery for cholesteatoma: A prospective study of 91 cases with three‐year follow‐up

Abstract

Transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) is a relatively new concept, but endoscopes have been used previously as an adjunct to microsurgery (MEES) in patients with cholesteatoma. 1 TEES has the added benefit of reduced morbidity and increased likelihood that the patients will tolerate the procedure as a day-case, but this can variate according to local practice and protocols. It also allows for close inspection of 'hidden' areas such as sinus tympani with angled scopes. 1 We aimed to analyse the outcomes including cholesteatoma recurrence/ residual disease, ear discharge, intact tympanic membrane and audiological outcomes (air-bone gap ABG) of the minimally invasive TEES compared to open microsurgery/MEES. | DE S IG N | Study designThis is a prospective study of consecutive patients undergoing surgery for cholesteatoma from 2014 to 2016 with a minimum followup of 3 years. All patients with cholesteatoma were included in the study. STROBE reporting guidelines have been followed for this study.

[Retracted] Clinical Effect of Ear Endoscopic Intervention on CMEC Patients and Analysis of the Relationship between ROS, P‐Akt, and HIF‐1α Expression and the Degree of Bone Destruction

“…Before the clinical use of microscope surgical intervention treatment, due to the particularity of middle ear cholesteatoma disease location, microscope interference technique is likely to cause damage to the ear bone in the process and the gas room is bigger; the physiological structures of the middle ear and external ear parts of patients are relatively complex, and simple application of the microscope with surgical treatment is likely to destroy the normal tissue structures of the ear. It is also possible that intraoperative cholesteatoma may not be completely removed, and cholesteatoma may easily remain in hidden sites such as the anterior and facial crypts of the superior tympanic cavity and tympanic sinus [ 3 , 4 ].…”

The Role of Endoscopic Assistance in Surgery for Pediatric Cholesteatoma in Reducing Residual and Recurrent Disease

“…In the last decade, endoscopic assistance or TEEA for acquired children cholesteatoma has been frequently applied even if the results are controversial ( Table 2 ) [ 16 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Two meta-analyses have been conducted on this topic [ 9 , 10 ].…”

“…In summary, indications related to endoscopic assistance gathered from the literature are that there is an improvement in the visualization of difficult middle ear recesses. The advantages in avoiding residual and recurrent disease are not universally accepted, but the most accepted advantage of TEEA is to reduce surgical invasiveness, morbidity, and costs of a postauricular approach in cholesteatoma only involving the middle ear and attic [ 16 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Transcanal endoscopic treatment for congenital middle ear cholesteatoma in children

“…The recurrence rate of CMEC in children is 10.5% to 45%. [12,13] Most studies on CMEC are small scale [8,12,[14][15][16][17] ; therefore, it remains unclear whether otoendoscopy can reduce the CMEC recurrence rate. Advances in otoendoscopy have yielded otoendoscopes with a diameter of 2.7 and 1.9 mm, which can pass through the narrow ear canal to increase the surgical field of vision, improve the surgical field clarity, and observe tissue from multiple angles at close range.…”