Objective To assess the effect of virtual reality training on an actual
laparoscopic operation.Design Prospective randomised controlled and blinded trial.Setting Seven gynaecological departments in the Zeeland region of
Denmark.Participants 24 first and second year registrars specialising in gynaecology
and obstetrics.Interventions Proficiency based virtual reality simulator training in
laparoscopic salpingectomy and standard clinical education (controls).Main outcome measure The main outcome measure was technical performance
assessed by two independent observers blinded to trainee and training status using a
previously validated general and task specific rating scale. The secondary outcome measure
was operation time in minutes.Results The simulator trained group (n=11) reached a median total score of
33 points (interquartile range 32-36 points), equivalent to the experience gained after
20-50 laparoscopic procedures, whereas the control group (n=10) reached a median total
score of 23 (22-27) points, equivalent to the experience gained from fewer than five
procedures (P<0.001). The median total operation time in the simulator trained group
was 12 minutes (interquartile range 10-14 minutes) and in the control group was 24 (20-29)
minutes (P<0.001). The observers’ inter-rater agreement was 0.79.Conclusion Skills in laparoscopic surgery can be increased in a clinically
relevant manner using proficiency based virtual reality simulator training. The
performance level of novices was increased to that of intermediately experienced
laparoscopists and operation time was halved. Simulator training should be considered
before trainees carry out laparoscopic procedures.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00311792.