Comparison of oral microbiome profiles in 18-month-old infants and their parents

Abstract

The onset and progress of dental caries and periodontal disease is associated with the oral microbiome. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors that influence oral microbiome formation. One of the factors that influence oral microbiome formation is the transmission of oral bacteria from parents. However, it remains unclear when the transmission begins, and the difference in contributions of father and mother. Here, we focused on the oral microbiome of 18-month-old infants, at which age deciduous dentition is formed and the oral microbiome is likely to become stable, with that of their parents. We collected saliva from forty 18-month-old infants and their parents and compared the diversity and composition of the microbiome using next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. The results showed that microbial diversity in infants was significantly lower than that in parents and composition of microbiome were significantly different between infants and parents. Meanwhile, the microbiome of the infants was more similar to that of their mothers than unrelated adults. The bacteria highly shared between infants and parents included not only commensal bacteria but also disease related bacteria. These results suggested that the oral microbiome of the parents influences that of their children aged < 18 months.

Dietary Correlates of Oral and Gut Microbiota in the Water Monitor Lizard, Varanus salvator (Laurenti, 1768)

“…Food changes accounted for 57% of the total structural changes in gut microbiota, whereas genetic mutation contributed no more than the 12% in mice ( Zhang et al, 2010 ). Interestingly, however, our data showed small differences in the gut microbial relative abundance among animal groups (three groups of captive lizards eating different types of food and one group of wild lizards) and dietary correlates of the oral microbial community, and confirmed earlier findings that the oral microbial composition is host-specific ( Zancolli et al, 2015 ) and physiologically constrained ( Graves et al, 2019 ; Jo et al, 2021 ).…”

Study of oral microbiota diversity among groups of families originally from different countries

“…And support the presence of universally shared bacterial species among the human oral cavity; in addition, different microbial species were characteristics of some family members. These findings support the previous studies, which stated that the composition of the oral microbiome is influenced by environmental factors, lifestyle, and social networks, not by genetic factors ( Jo et al, 2021 , Mukherjee et al, 2021a , Mukherjee et al, 2021b ).…”

“…About 700 bacterial species inhabit the human mouth ( Bik et al, 2010 ), and some of them remain unculturable due to their specific nutrient requirement, and oxygen sensitivity ( Wade, 2013 ). Different studies have linked the composition and development of the oral microbiome of children to parents and other family members ( Gomez and Nelson, 2017 , Jo et al, 2021 , Mukherjee et al, 2021a , Mukherjee et al, 2021b ). Moreover, diet, mouth hygiene, health status, genetics, and lifestyle are biological and cultural factors that strongly affect oral microbiota diversity ( Weyrich, 2021 ).…”

Salivary Microbiome in Children With Down Syndrome

“…16S rRNA sequencing was performed using universal primers (27Fmod and 338R) [49,50]. Speci cally, Ex Taq polymerase (Takara Bio, Shiga, Japan) was used to amplify approximately 20 ng of template DNA with Veriti Thermal Cycler (Life Technologies Japan, Tokyo, Japan) under the following cycling conditions: initial denaturation at 96°C for 2 min, followed by 25 cycles at 96°C for 30 s, at 55°C for 45s, and at 72°C for 1 min.…”