Comparison of MR Imaging with CT in Depiction of Tumour Extension into the Pterygopalatine Fossa

Tomura, Noriaki; Hirano, Hiroko; Kato, Kazumaro; Takahashi, Satoshi; Sashi, Ryuji; Tate, Etsuko; Watanabe, Osamu; Okane, Kumiko; Watarai, Jiro

doi:10.1053/crad.1999.0179

Cited by 25 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…High-resolution, thin-section (2–3 mm), small field-of-view MRI using a head-coil is recommended for evaluating the PPF and its connections. Precontrast axial SE T1W, axial FSE T2W and coronal SE T1W images followed by gadolinium-enhanced, fat-saturated (FS) axial and coronal SE T1W images are routinely acquired [ 5 – 7 ]. 3D FT T1W sequences with 0.6–1-mm-thin slices (VIBE-Volumetric Interpolated Examination) after intravenous contrast administration are additionally used by some investigators including ourselves.…”

Section: Imaging Anatomy Contents and Major Communications Of The Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pterygopalatine fossa: imaging anatomy, communications, and pathology revisited

et al. 2016

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The pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) is a small, clinically inaccessible, fat-filled space located in the deep face that serves as a major neurovascular crossroad between the oral cavity, nasal cavity, nasopharynx, orbit, masticator space, and the middle cranial fossa. Due to its inherent complex location and connections, it can potentially act as a natural conduit for the spread of inflammatory and neoplastic diseases across the various deep spaces in the head and neck. This review aims to acquaint the reader with the imaging anatomy of the PPF, its important communications, and to identify some major pathological conditions that can involve the PPF, especially in conditions where its involvement can have serious diagnostic and therapeutic implications, such as in perineural tumour spread.Teaching points• The PPF is a small neurovascular junction in the deep face with important to-and-fro connections.• Awareness of anatomy of the PPF and its communications helps to simplify imaging of its pathology.• Perineural tumour spread is clinically the most important pathology in this region.

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Section: Imaging Anatomy Contents and Major Communications Of The Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pterygopalatine fossa: imaging anatomy, communications, and pathology revisited

et al. 2016

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“…Neurologic signs and symptoms (dull pain, paresthesia) are not a reliable clue for early diagnosis of perineural spread; asymptomatic patients may account for up to 30-45% of the results [47][48][49]. A and B), whereas MR more clearly shows both bone marrow replacement by slightly hypointense tumour and extradural intracranial extent into the foramen magnum (black arrows)…”

Section: Intracranial Perineural Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastatic disease of the brain: extra-axial metastases (skull, dura, leptomeningeal) and tumour spread

2004

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Extra-axial intracranial metastases may arise through several situations. Hematogenous spread to the meninges is the most frequent cause. Direct extension from contiguous extra-cranial neoplasms, secondary invasion of the meninges by calvarium and skull base metastases, and migration along perineural or perivascular structures are less common. Leptomeningeal invasion gives rise to tumour cell dissemination by the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), eventually leading to neoplastic coating of brain surfaces. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is complementary to CSF examinations and can be invaluable, detecting up to 50% of false-negative lumbar punctures. MR findings range from diffuse linear leptomeningeal enhancement to multiple enhancing extra-axial nodules, obstructive communicating and non-communicating hydrocephalus. Both calvarial and epidural metastases infrequently transgress the dura, which acts as a barrier against tumour spread. Radionuclide bone studies are still a valuable screening test to detect bone metastases. With computed tomography (CT) and MR, bone metastases extending intracranially and primary dural metastases show the characteristic biconvex shape, usually associated with brain displacement away from the inner table. Although CT is better in detecting skull base erosion, MR is more sensitive and provides more detailed information about dural involvement. Perineural and perivascular spread from head and neck neoplasms require thin-section contrast-enhanced MR.

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“…Due to its excellent soft tissue contrast, the ability to generate slices in all possible planes and the lack of ionising radiation, MRI is the method of choice in evaluating head and neck tumour extension in man (Beges et al 1992;Castelijns 1993;King et al 1999;Tomura et al 1999). Whereas MRI is an established method in oncology of small animal patients (Clifford 1999;Le Couteur 1999;Dennis 2000), few reports of MRI examination of neoplastic lesions in equine heads could be found (Ferrell et al 2002;Dyson 2007).…”

Section: Fig 7b: T2-weighted Transverse Slice At the Level Of The Caumentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular angiosarcoma in a pony ‐ MRI and histopathological appearance

Bischofberger

Konar

Posthaus

et al. 2008

Equine Veterinary Education

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Summary Ocular angiosarcomas are an infrequent aetiology of exophthalmus in the horse. In the case presented here, a pony was referred with a history of supraorbital swelling, exophthalmus and conjunctivitis of the right eye. Radiographic and ultrasonographic examinations were used for diagnosis; however, the exact definition of the retrobulbar changes could only be made by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI shows anatomic and physiological detail in both the osseous and soft tissue structures. Only 3 sequences were used in this case: a transverse T2‐weighted and a dorsal high resolution, T1‐weighted gradient echo with multiplanar reconstruction capability pre‐ and post contrast application. This case report suggests that MRI should be used more frequently in the diagnosis of head tumours in horses.

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Comparison of MR Imaging with CT in Depiction of Tumour Extension into the Pterygopalatine Fossa

Cited by 25 publications

References 11 publications

The pterygopalatine fossa: imaging anatomy, communications, and pathology revisited

The pterygopalatine fossa: imaging anatomy, communications, and pathology revisited

Metastatic disease of the brain: extra-axial metastases (skull, dura, leptomeningeal) and tumour spread

Ocular angiosarcoma in a pony ‐ MRI and histopathological appearance

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