Comparison of Microbial Isolates and Susceptibility Patterns From the External Ear Canal of Dogs With Otitis Externa

Graham-Mize, Christine A.; Rosser, Edmund J.

doi:10.5326/0400102

Cited by 52 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…6,7 Members of the genus Pseudomonas display a wide spectrum of innate resistance to several classes of antimicrobials 8 such as fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides, in part because of the increasing frequency by which antimicrobials are prescribed. 9 Incomplete antimicrobial therapy readily selects for multidrug-resistant PA strains by mechanisms specific to each drug. Resistance to individual chemotherapeutic agents can be acquired via chromosomal mutations and/or lateral gene transfer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antimicrobial activity of a gel containing antimicrobial peptide AMP2041, chlorhexidine digluconate and Tris‐EDTA on clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from canine otitis

Ghibaudo¹,

Santospirito

Sala

et al. 2016

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background -Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) may cause suppurative otitis externa with severe inflammation and ulceration in dogs. Multidrug resistance is commonly reported for this organism, creating a difficult therapeutic challenge.Objective -The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of a gel containing 0.5 lg/mL of antimicrobial peptide AMP2041, 0.07% chlorhexidine digluconate (CLX), 0.4% Tris and 0.1% EDTA on 30 clinical isolates of PA from canine otitis externa.Materials and Methods -Antimicrobial activity was evaluated through minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Standardized bacterial suspensions were incubated with different concentrations of the gel at 37°C for 30 min and plated for colony forming unit (CFU) counts. Time-to-kill kinetics were evaluated with the undiluted product and at MBC for each PA strain at 30 s, 1, 5, 10, 15, 30 min, 24 and 48 h.Results -The MBC was 1:64 for two of 30 strains, 1:128 for 15 of 30 strains and 1:256 for 13 of 30 strains. The geometric mean was 1:165, equivalent to a concentration of 0.003 lg/mL AMP2041 + 0.0004% CLX + 0.0024% Tris + 0.0006% EDTA. Time-to-kill assays with the undiluted product showed complete bactericidal effect within 30 s for all isolates, whereas at the MBC this effect was reached within 5 min for 20 of 30 isolates and within 30 min for all isolates. Bactericidal activity was maintained after 48 h for all isolates.Conclusion -This gel has shown rapid, complete and long-lasting activity against a panel of 30 PA isolates from cases of canine otitis externa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antimicrobial activity of a gel containing antimicrobial peptide AMP2041, chlorhexidine digluconate and Tris‐EDTA on clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from canine otitis

Ghibaudo¹,

Santospirito

Sala

et al. 2016

Veterinary Dermatology

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“…Despite Gram-negative microorganisms are not routinely cultured from the normal ear canal, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been described and cannot be neglected as agents of canine otitis externa (5).…”

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confidence: 99%

In vitro antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from canine otitis externa in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil

Penna¹,

Thomé²,

Martins³

et al. 2011

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (167) were obtained from 528 samples of canine otitis externa,identified by biochemical reactions and tested for susceptibility to 10 antimicrobials. The most effective drug was ciprofloxacin. The study reports alarming resistance among P. aeruginosa isolated from canine otitis externa samples in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative rod which is nonspore forming and aerobe. In dogs, P. aeruginosa have already been reported on otitis media/external infections (4, 6). The purpose of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates obtained from dogs with otitis externa in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Samples were obtained from 528 adult (≥ two years) dogs unmedicated for at least 15 days diagnosed with otitis externa (local pain, pruritus, erythema, ear discharge or desquamation).The samples were collected over a 2-year period (2007)(2008)(2009)). Cotton swabs were used to collect samples, inoculated

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“…Aminoglycosides are particularly valuable for treating Gram-negative infections but many streptococci and enterococci are inherently resistant, at least at concentrations achieved by systemic administration (Graham-Mize and Rosser 2004, Moyaert and others 2006).…”

Section: Choose ‘The Right Drug For the Right Bug’mentioning

confidence: 99%

Self assessment test: Selecting ear drops for dogs with otitis externa

Bond¹

2012

In Practice

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Ross Bond graduated fromGlasgow Veterinary School in 1985 and then spent five years in veterinary practice. He joined the Royal Veterinary College in 1990, where he is currently a senior lecturer and head of the dermatology service. He is a Diplomate of the European College of Veterinary Dermatology and an RCVS-recognised specialist in veterinary dermatology.Otitis externa is one of the most common conditions presenting in canine practice. Ear disease often reflects a combination of predisposing, primary, perpetuating and secondary factors. While the animal health industry has provided veterinary surgeons with a wide array of safe, effective and licensed topical products, simply dispensing ear drops will not satisfactorily resolve otitis externa in a significant proportion of cases. Veterinary use of antimicrobial drugs is currently under intense scrutiny, prompting the BVA to produce an eight-point plan on responsible use. This article discusses the use of antimicrobial products in canine otitis externa in relation to these guidelines, with emphasis on rational product selection and minimising antimicrobial use where appropriate. doi:10.1136/inp.e4891 Provenance: Commissioned and peer-reviewed mal health has prompted the British Veterinary Association (BVA), British Small Animal Veterinary Association and Veterinary Medicines Directorate each to produce their own guidelines and information on responsible antimicrobial use in veterinary practice. The present review considers otic product selection in relation to the points proposed in the BVA's eight-point plan, where relevant to the topical treatment of otitis externa. Work with clients to avoid the need for antimicrobialsMicrobial infection within the canine external ear canal often reflects proliferation of normal components of the skin microbiota (commonly Staphylococcus pseudintermedius or Malassezia pachydermatis) or invasion by environmental opportunistic Gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Since ear infection is considered to be a 'secondary factor' in otitis externa that reflects the Otitis externa is one of the most common presentations in canine practice. In a survey of 3707 small animal consultations observed by veterinary students during clinical extramural studies (EMS) in general practice in the UK, otitis externa was diagnosed in 123 out of 559 dogs (22 per cent) with skin disease (Hill and others 2006). Eighty-eight of these received antibiotic-containing ear drops, although the proportion that received systemic therapy for otitis was not reported. Discussions with final year veterinary students about their experiences during EMS indicate that the rationale for selecting one otic product over another is often not clear to them (and perhaps not to the attending veterinary surgeon either). The survey by Hill and others (2006) indicates that product selection in skin disease is routinely empirical; out of 795 small animal dermatological consultations (including 151 cases of otitis), otoscopic examination was conducted in 90 cases...

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Comparison of Microbial Isolates and Susceptibility Patterns From the External Ear Canal of Dogs With Otitis Externa

Cited by 52 publications

References 7 publications

In vitro antimicrobial activity of a gel containing antimicrobial peptide AMP2041, chlorhexidine digluconate and Tris‐EDTA on clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from canine otitis

In vitro antimicrobial activity of a gel containing antimicrobial peptide AMP2041, chlorhexidine digluconate and Tris‐EDTA on clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from canine otitis

In vitro antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from canine otitis externa in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil

Self assessment test: Selecting ear drops for dogs with otitis externa

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