Comparison of Methods of Visual Inspection of Cervix With Cervical Cytology in Detection of Pre-Invasive Lesions of Cervical Cancer

Abstract

BACKGROUNDDue to increasing incidence of Cervical cancer, a screen-and-treat programs based on visual screening can be cost-effective approach for even the low resource settings.The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and accuracy of Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid and Lugol's iodine as a screening method for pre-malignant and malignant lesions of cervix. MATERIALS AND METHODSA prospective study carried out in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Bharati Medical College and Hospital, Sangli. Women of age 35-65 years with particular Gynaecological complaints attending OBGY OPD from Jan. 2014 -Dec. 2014 included in study after taking the informed consent. Analysis was done. RESULTSGood Sensitivity and Specificity of VIA i.e. 76.9% and 77.9% and VILI i.e. 76.9% and 75.4% make them better methods to detect precancerous and cancerous lesions of cervix. On comparing VIA and VILI and Pap smear, a significant correlation was found amongst them. CONCLUSIONIn low resource settings, screening by Pap smear has not been successful in reducing incidence of cervical cancer. VIA and VILI are cheaper and easily available and can be used by medical and paramedical personnel on a large scale basis. KEYWORDSCervical cancer, VIA, VILI, Pap smear. and II) and only 10% cases in stage III and IV. This discrepancy is due to lack of mass and regular screening by available methods in our country, which in turn reflects the poor prognosis. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE:Financial or Other, Competing Interest: None. Submission 31-07-2016, Peer Review 27-08-2016, Acceptance 02-09-2016, Published 12-09-2016. Corresponding Author: Dr. Kuljit Kaur, W/o. Dr. Harpreet Singh, Room No. 49, PG-Hostel, Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College and Hospital, Sangli. E-mail: dr.kuljitkaur@yahoo.com DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2016/1224 Prompted by the need for optimal strategies for cervical cancer screening in low resource settings, the role of visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and visual inspection with Lugol's iodine (VILI) has been widely studied in several recent studies, which suggest that VIA and VILI closely match the Pap smear in its performance in detecting cervical cancer precursor. 1 Cancer cervix has been considered preventable, because it has a long pre-invasive state. Cancer cervix has been considered preventable, because it has a long pre-invasive state. Invasive carcinoma develops from precancerous lesions; i.e.