Comparison of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in bone with other sites: clinical characteristics, molecular features and immune status

Abstract

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is the lethal stage and the leading cause of death in prostate cancer patients, among which bone metastasis is the most common site. Here in this article, we downloaded the gene expression data and clinical information from online dataset. We found that prostate cancer metastasis in bone is prone to have higher prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and longer time on first-line androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSI). A total of 1,263 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and results of functional enrichment analysis indicated the enrichment in categories related to cell migration, cancer related pathways and metabolism. We identified the top 20 hub genes from the PPI network and analyzed the clinical characteristics correlated with these hub genes. Finally, we analyzed the immune cell abundance ratio of each sample in different groups. Our results reveal the different clinical characteristics, the immune cell infiltration pattern in different sites of mCRPC, and identify multiple critical related genes and pathways, which provides basis for individualized treatment.

Site-Specific and Common Prostate Cancer Metastasis Genes as Suggested by Meta-Analysis of Gene Expression Data

“…Meta-analysis on differential gene expression from primary tumors and metastasis are common for different cancer types. However, the analyses that stratify metastatic samples according to the secondary sites are rare with more interest shown in very recent years [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. To the best of my knowledge, the work that is presented here is the first such study for prostate cancer and its most common metastasis sites.…”