Comparison of mechanical and metallurgical properties of hollow and solid forged products

Taherizadeh, Aboozar; Najafizadeh, A.; Shateri, R.; Jonas, J. J.

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.03.158

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Similarly, Fig. 4d shows finer ferrite grain size at the surface and coarser grain at the centre, which is similar to the experimental findings of Taherizadeh et al [20]. As discussed earlier, both the distribution and the homogeneity of final microstructural features and properties should be considered while making appropriate choices for process parameters.…”

Section: Effect Of Process Parameterssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…For instance, Mkaddem et al [19] reported the formation of two zones of fine and coarse grains regions in the steel forging resulting from the different extent of deformation that each zone experienced. Similarly, Taherizadeh et al [20] found the final ferrite grains to be coarse at the centre and fine at the surface for solid forgings and attributed this to the non-uniform distribution of temperature and deformation during the processing. Irani and Taheri [21] analyzed the microstructural homogeneity in the precision forged steel spur gears and found that ferrite grain size and hardness vary from the surface of the gear to the centre.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Integrated modelling of hot forging of low-alloyed steels for an ICME workflow

2019

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One of the key aspects of integrated computational materials engineering approach is the integrated modelling of process chains that capture the essential microstructure physics and predict the final properties. In the current work, such an integrated modelling approach is attempted for analyzing the hot forging process for low-alloyed steels. Traditionally, hot forging process is designed with primary focus on the deformation step, with less attention paid to the incorporation of microstructure information flow between its sub-steps of heating, deformation and cooling. Such a siloed approach restricts its integration with other manufacturing processes, and also with design and material selection stages. To address the issue, in this work, a FEM based thermo-mechanical modelling framework, integrating composition dependent microstructure evolution models for heating, deformation and cooling sub-steps, is implemented for hot forging of low-alloyed steels. The evolution of key microstructural features at each sub-step is tracked and fed to the following step. The integrated modelling framework is then used to study the effect of process parameters and macrosegregation in the billet on the distribution of final microstructure and properties obtained for a sample steel upsetting process. Key observations made in the studies are discussed. Ways of representation of the distribution of microstructure and properties across the forged part, that can enable better decision making in the larger perspective of downstream processing and final use, are highlighted. Consequently, the utility of the integrated modelling approach to aid the development of improved process and product design capabilities for hot forged products is established.

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Section: Effect Of Process Parameterssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Integrated modelling of hot forging of low-alloyed steels for an ICME workflow

2019

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“…Rotary swaging (RS) is an incremental forming process that can be used to produce hollow shafts by reducing the diameter of a workpiece in small steps through the oscillating action of the dies [ 3 , 4 ]. The forming principle is illustrated in Figure 1 : The spindle drives the mushroom hammers and swaging dies to rotate, causing them to move outwards due to the centrifugal force.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Rotary Swaging on Mechanical Behaviors of Axle Steel Rod

Tian,

Xu,

Zheng

et al. 2024

Materials

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The short-chain forming process using rotary swaging (RS) is an important method of achieving the manufacturing of lightweight axles. Axle steel, like 42CrMo, is widely used in many types of axles and shafts; however, there is no existing research on rotary-swaged axle steel’s mechanical properties. It makes sense to carry out a comprehensive study on the effect of RS on the mechanical behaviors of axle steel rods. In this study, a 42CrMo steel rod was processed by RS through ten passes. The tensile properties, torsion properties, compression properties, and fatigue properties were tested. There was an overall improvement in the torsional and fatigue performance after RS. Combined with a finite element analysis (FEM), the uneven distribution of the dislocations and existence of the elongation material were inferred to have caused the different modes of the mechanical behaviors. Fracture surfaces were analyzed and the results showed that the fracture pattern had changed. There existed a competitive relation between the internal fatigue cracks and external cracks, which could be attributed to uneven strain hardening. This research proved the advantages of RS in the processing of axle parts, which mainly benefitted the torsional working conditions, and provided evidence for a new processing route for lightweight axles with RS.

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“…The large sized ingots can be used to produce large cylindrical forging parts with a series of quite complex processing of punching, piecing and rolling to serve in hydropower, nuclear energy and other industries [3]. As the matter of fact, those can also be produced from hollow ingots, which can lead to higher quality and lower cost by shortening the processing and reducing the amount of waste metals during piercing [4,5]. In order to improve the surface quality and obtain refiner microstructure as well as uniformity of chemical compositions in the casting ingots, many new kinds of DC casting processing, such as hot top casting, low-head casting and electromagnetic casting, have been introduced to improve the quality and productivity of casting ingots [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of 2A14 Aluminium Alloy Large-Sized Hollow Ingots by Electromagnetic Stirring DC Casting

Bao

Gao

et al. 2020

MSF

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The Φ730 / Φ340 mm hollow ingots of 2A14 aluminium alloy were produced by conventional and electromagnetic stirring (EMS) DC casting with extremely fine grain morphology. The results indicate that the metallographic microstructure of the alloy was more uniform and homogeneous in the EMS hollow ingot and the finer grain size was obtained. The average grain size dramatically decreased from 115 μm to 70 μm with applying EMS. The macrosegregation patterns of Cu element in EMS and conventional hollow ingots along the radial direction were both following the similar trend that positive segregation occurred in inner subsurface and middle section. Meanwhile negative segregation occurred in section offset to inside of centerline and outer surface. The extent of macrosegregation in EMS hollow ingot was severer than that in the conventional one. The mechanism of EMS was discussed to reveal its effect on the microstructure and macrosegregation.

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Comparison of mechanical and metallurgical properties of hollow and solid forged products

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Integrated modelling of hot forging of low-alloyed steels for an ICME workflow

Integrated modelling of hot forging of low-alloyed steels for an ICME workflow

Effect of Rotary Swaging on Mechanical Behaviors of Axle Steel Rod

Preparation of 2A14 Aluminium Alloy Large-Sized Hollow Ingots by Electromagnetic Stirring DC Casting

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