Comparison of Measured Rain Attenuation in the 12.25 GHz Band with Predictions by the ITU-R Model

Choi, David; Pyun, Jae-Young; Noh, Sun Kuh; Lee, Sang Woong

doi:10.1155/2012/415398

Cited by 25 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Rain attenuation model in this paper is modeled from data collected over location from different sources. The effect of absorption is presented at certain frequencies, which can be significant at frequencies near 22 GHz and 60 GHz due to water vapor and oxygen, respectively [2][3][4]. ITU-R is an organization which standardized the rule for telecommunication and provided a step by step approach for prediction of rain attenuation on any terrestrial radio link; however, this model does not perform well in tropical region [5] and at high rainfall rate since average radius of raindrop in tropical region is greater than that in nontropical and data for ITU model is based on data collected from temperate region of the world [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Rain Attenuation and Impact of Rain in Wave Propagation at Microwave Frequency for Tropical Region (Uttarakhand, India)

Kestwal¹,

Joshi

Garia³

2014

International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology

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The most classical approach of determining rain attenuation for radio-wave frequency has been to theoretically determine the specific attenuation. At frequency over 10 GHz, rain and precipitation can influence the attenuation a lot; the effect of atmospheric attenuation between the source and destination over wireless communication is of major concern and a proper site visit and proper method are required to control the attenuation level so that the performance can be increased. In this paper exponential model has been used to determine the attenuation level for k-region (India) which can be used for region having similar condition. The analyzed predicted attenuation data have been compared with ITU-R measured rain attenuation, and the results will provide useful estimation of rainfall attenuation on microwave links in tropical regions that have similar conditions as (Almora) Uttarakhand region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Rain Attenuation and Impact of Rain in Wave Propagation at Microwave Frequency for Tropical Region (Uttarakhand, India)

Kestwal¹,

Joshi

Garia³

2014

International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology

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“…Figure shows the comparison of the predicted diversity gain between Matricciani's model derived for Spino, Italy and our proposed model derived for Japan determined from the frequency‐dependent coefficients of time delays in Table and from Equation . The results in Figure (a) and (b) show that Matricciani's model overestimates and it gives more error than our proposed model, for example, at 10 min delay prediction, Matricciani's model error is 0.894 but our proposed model error is 0.256 and other quantitative errors are shown in Table .…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction model of time diversity using Japan rain radar data

Chodkaveekityada

Fukuchi

2016

Satell Commun Network

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Summary The effects of rain attenuation on communication systems will become more pronounced in future satellite communication systems, especially with the planned use of the 21‐GHz band or higher‐frequency bands. Diversity techniques provide a solution to mitigate rain attenuation effects. This study proposes a time diversity technique, one such technique that is likely to demonstrate high effectiveness. To model the system, rainfall rate statistics are necessary, and reliability is improved as the amount of statistical data increases. This paper derives the cumulative distribution of the rainfall rate across Japan over 4 years using rain radar data from the automated meteorological data acquisition system and ground‐based rain radar network and evaluates the rainfall rate at 23 observation points across Japan. We carry out a performance evaluation for all locations within Japan to confirm the efficiency of the time diversity method. Finally, we propose prediction model of the time diversity gain for Japan and other significant parameter which is time correlation of rainfall rate that was found from the time diversity results for further investigation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…The effect increases further with higher frequency bands, rainfall rates, longer path length, and larger raindrop sizes. This attenuation, caused by rain, reduces the reliability, systems availability, reception of signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio (SINR), and overall performance of the communications link . As a result, rain attenuation is a real and concerning issue facing the implementation of mm‐waves, especially in tropical regions with consistent heavy rainfall such as Malaysia.…”

Section: The Effect Of Rain On the Propagation Of Mm‐wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rain attenuation of millimetre wave above 10 GHz for terrestrial links in tropical regions

Shayea

Rahman

Azmi

et al. 2018

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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Millimeter waves (mm‐waves) within frequency bands of 10 to 86 GHz will be used for both microwave and access link fifth‐generation (5G) systems. Thus, it is very important to investigate these bands to ensure reliability when 5G is applied in tropical regions like Malaysia in the coming few years. One of the major obstacles facing the propagation of mm‐waves in tropical regions is the rain attenuation. Rainfall results in the absorption, scattering, and diffraction of radio waves. This contributes to increased transmission losses and a reduction in the received signal levels. The effect is more severe in tropical regions that are characterized by intense heavy rainfall and large raindrop sizes. This paper provides a general overview on rain attenuation of mm‐wave bands. It highlights the nature of rain in tropical regions and its effects on the propagation of mm‐waves. It also reports the latest measurement studies focused on rain attenuation in mm‐wave frequency bands and the prediction methods used to estimate rain attenuation in mm‐waves. It contributes to the understanding of channel behavior and the characterization of mm‐wave bands during rainfall in tropical regions, especially in Malaysia. This study further strives to determine research gaps in this field as well as the future work and various propagation measurement systems that can be used to conduct real measurements and to develop prediction models for rain attenuation in mm‐waves for 5G systems. Furthermore, this paper analyzes the rain rate and rain attenuation on the basis of real measurement data conducted in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia at Skudai Campus, Malaysia. The analyzed results indicated that the rain attenuation at 38 GHz is critical and it can result in 18.4 dB/km as specific rain attenuation at 0.01% percentage of the time.

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Comparison of Measured Rain Attenuation in the 12.25 GHz Band with Predictions by the ITU-R Model

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

Prediction of Rain Attenuation and Impact of Rain in Wave Propagation at Microwave Frequency for Tropical Region (Uttarakhand, India)

Prediction of Rain Attenuation and Impact of Rain in Wave Propagation at Microwave Frequency for Tropical Region (Uttarakhand, India)

Prediction model of time diversity using Japan rain radar data

Rain attenuation of millimetre wave above 10 GHz for terrestrial links in tropical regions

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