Comparison of maternal ghrelin and leptin in healthy mothers and mothers with Type 1 diabetes

Kos, Katarina; Wk, Syn; Lewandowski, Krzysztof C.; Bennett, Jennifer L.; Cu, Nwokolo; Jp, O'Hare; Randeva, Harpal S.

doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02604.x

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In studies performed with type 1 diabetic pregnant women and lactating mothers with GDM, serum ghrelin concentrations were found to be lower than those of the control group (31,32). A limited amount of data is available on umbilical cord ghrelin concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Comparison of umbilical cord ghrelin concentrations in full-term pregnant women with or without gestational diabetes

Karakulak

Saygılı

Temür³

et al. 2016

Endocrine Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Comparison of umbilical cord ghrelin concentrations in full-term pregnant women with or without gestational diabetes

Karakulak

Saygılı

Temür³

et al. 2016

Endocrine Research

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“…Our results also suggest that ghrelin participates in the adaptation to the caloric imbalance of diabetic pregnancy and may play a similar role in pregnancy-related complications. Few reports have evaluated plasma ghrelin concentrations in women with diabetes and their offspring, although Kos et al (23) found lower plasma ghrelin levels at the end of pregnancy in women with T1DM. However, this finding was not replicated by Hehir et al (24), and Lappas et al (25) reported lower plasma ghrelin concentrations in women with GD, with persistence of this abnormality at 12 weeks post-partum predicting incident maternal diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, another study reported that ghrelin levels did not differ between pre-term and at-term neonates (30). Nevertheless, maternal ghrelin at the end of a pregnancy is not correlated with fetal birth weight or placental weight (23), although there are no data regarding maternal serum ghrelin concentrations in pre-term neonates. These data suggest that maternal ghrelin may help control fetal growth, and ghrelin may be needed for fetal adaptation to abnormal uterine conditions, such as hyperglycemia (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Plasma Ghrelin Levels are Found in Women with Diabetes-Complicated Pregnancies

Gómez-Díaz

Gómez-Medina²,

Ramírez-Soriano³

et al. 2016

Jcrpe

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Objective:To evaluate the associations of glycemic control and gestational age with ghrelin and proinsulin levels in cord blood and mothers’ peripheral blood during pregnancy.Methods:This is a cross-sectional comparative study of twenty-four pregnant women with gestational diabetes (GD), 18 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and 36 without diabetes, as well as their neonates. Levels of proinsulin, ghrelin, and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were measured from maternal blood during the last week before caesarian delivery and in neonatal umbilical cord blood samples.Results:Mothers with GD and T2DM had significantly lower ghrelin levels compared to the healthy mothers (p<0.001). Maternal proinsulin was lower in women with GD than in women without diabetes (p<0.001). Proinsulin was significantly elevated in the neonates of women with GD and in women with HbA1c ≥6.5% (p<0.001). However, maternal ghrelin levels were higher (p=0.031) and neonate proinsulin levels lower in the pre-term offspring of mothers with GD (p=0.033). There was a negative correlation between HbA1c levels and birth weight (r=–0.407, p<0.001).Conclusion:Ghrelin levels were lower in pregnant women with diabetes, although pre-term birth appeared to reverse this trend in GD. Proinsulin levels were also low in pregnant women with diabetes and even lower in pre-term vs. at-term births. Both ghrelin and proinsulin levels were lower in pregnant women with diabetes and HbA1c of <6.5%. Thus, ghrelin participates in the adaptation to the caloric imbalance of diabetic pregnancy and may play a similar role in pregnancy-related complications, since high ghrelin concentrations may be necessary for normal fetal development.

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“…93,94 In normal pregnancy, the peak leptin concentration is around 28 weeks 91 with little change from 20 to 30 weeks gestation. 95 However, in T1DM, there is a significant decline in free leptin levels from 20 to 30 weeks gestation. 95 It is therefore unlikely that leptin accounts for late changes in insulin requirements.…”

Section: Maternal Factors Affecting Insulin Requirements In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…95 However, in T1DM, there is a significant decline in free leptin levels from 20 to 30 weeks gestation. 95 It is therefore unlikely that leptin accounts for late changes in insulin requirements. The diabetogenic effect of IGF-1 is well documented.…”

Section: Maternal Factors Affecting Insulin Requirements In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors determining insulin requirements in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy: a review

2014

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Most women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have increased insulin requirements during pregnancy. However, a minority of women have a fall in insulin requirements. When this occurs in late gestation, it often provokes concern regarding possible compromise of the feto-placental unit. In some centres, this is considered as an indication for delivery, including premature delivery. There are, however, many other factors that affect insulin requirements in pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus and the decline in insulin requirements may represent a variant of normal pregnancy. If there is no underlying pathological process, expedited delivery in these women is not warranted and confers increased risks to the newborn. We will explore the factors affecting insulin requirements in gestation in this review. We will also discuss some novel concepts regarding beta-cell function in pregnancy.

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Comparison of maternal ghrelin and leptin in healthy mothers and mothers with Type 1 diabetes

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

Comparison of umbilical cord ghrelin concentrations in full-term pregnant women with or without gestational diabetes

Comparison of umbilical cord ghrelin concentrations in full-term pregnant women with or without gestational diabetes

Lower Plasma Ghrelin Levels are Found in Women with Diabetes-Complicated Pregnancies

Factors determining insulin requirements in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy: a review

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