Comparison of maternal and neonatal outcomes of COVID-19 before and after SARS-CoV-2 omicron emergence in maternity facilities in Malawi (MATSurvey): data from a national maternal surveillance platform

Mndala, Leonard; Phiri, Deborah; Riches, Jennifer; Makuluni, Regina; Gadama, Luis; Kachale, Fannie; Bilesi, Rosemary; Mbewe, Malangizo; Likaka, Andrew; Chapuma, Chikondi; Kumwenda, Moses; Maseko, Bertha; Ndamala, Chifundo; Kuyere, Annie; Munthali, Laura; Henrion, Marc Y.R.; Masesa, Clemens; Lissauer, David

doi:10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00359-x

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A literature review showed that the number of cases and the proportion of ICU admissions in pregnant women increased significantly with Delta infection [ 34 ]. Pregnant women infected during the Delta period were more likely to have severe maternal outcomes, severe illness, or maternal death than those infected during the other variant periods [ 14 , 32 , 35 ]. A retrospective cohort study conducted in the United States found that, compared with the pre-Delta group, patients in the Delta variant group were more likely to require oxygen supplementation and were more likely to suffer from a serious illness [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, similar levels were observed for those infected during the Omicron period [ 19 ]. Leonard Mndala et al found that the incidences of stillbirths and neonatal deaths were lower in the Omicron period than in the Beta and Delta periods [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some existing studies showed that compared with previous VOCs such as B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.351 (Beta), and P.1 (Gamma), disease severity in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 was worse during the predominance of the B.1.617.2 (Delta) strain [ 10 , 11 ]. However, subsequent statistics suggested that infection with the highly contagious B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variant during pregnancy was associated with milder disease outcomes compared to the preceding Delta variant [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], which was likely related to higher vaccination coverage, lower virulence of the Omicron variant, and infection-acquired immunity [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, reports of SARS-CoV-2 placentitis were rare in the first wave of outbreaks caused by the original wild type but became increasingly common in the pandemic waves caused by the Alpha and Delta variants [ 15 , 16 ], while SARS-CoV-2 placentitis might be associated with fetal hypoxic–ischemic injury resulting from severe placental damage but not necessarily equivalent to fetal infection [ 8 ]. Data from a national maternal surveillance platform in Malawi suggested that the rates of neonatal stillbirths or death were significantly lower in the Omicron-dominated fourth wave than in the Beta- and Delta-dominated second and third waves combined [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of Infection with Different SARS-CoV-2 Variants during Pregnancy with Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Deng

Liu

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The aim of this study is to review the currently available data, and to explore the association of infection with different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants during pregnancy with maternal and perinatal outcomes in the real world. Observational cohort studies were analyzed that described the maternal and perinatal outcomes of infection with different SARS-CoV-2 variants during pregnancy. Random-effects inverse-variance models were used to evaluate the pooled prevalence (PP) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) for maternal and perinatal outcomes. Random effects were used to estimate the pooled odds ratios (OR) and their 95% CI for different outcomes between Delta and pre-Delta periods, and between Omicron and Delta periods. Eighteen studies, involving a total of 133,058 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy (99,567 cases of SARS-CoV-2 wild type or pre-variant infection and 33,494 cases of SARS-CoV-2 variant infections), were included in this meta-analysis. Among pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infections, the PPs for required respiratory support, severe or critical illness, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, maternal death, and preterm birth <37 weeks were, respectively, 27.24% (95%CI, 20.51–33.97%), 24.96% (95%CI, 15.96–33.96%), 11.31% (95%CI, 4.00–18.61%), 4.20% (95%CI, 1.43–6.97%), and 33.85% (95%CI, 21.54–46.17%) in the Delta period, which were higher than those in the pre-Delta period, while the corresponding PPs were, respectively, 10.74% (95%CI, 6.05–15.46%), 11.99% (95%CI, 6.23–17.74%), 4.17% (95%CI, 1.53–6.80%), 0.63% (95%CI, 0.05–1.20%), and 18.58% (95%CI, 9.52–27.65%). The PPs for required respiratory support, severe or critical illness, and ICU admission were, respectively, 2.63% (95%CI, 0.98–4.28%), 1.11% (95%CI, 0.29–1.94%), and 1.83% (95%CI, 0.85–2.81%) in the Omicron period, which were lower than those in the pre-Delta and Delta periods. These results suggest that Omicron infections are associated with less severe maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes, though maternal ICU admission, the need for respiratory support, and preterm birth did also occur with Omicron infections. Since Omicron is currently the predominant strain globally, and has the highest rates of transmission, it is still important to remain vigilant in protecting the vulnerable populations of mothers and infants. In particular, obstetricians and gynecologists should not ignore the adverse risks of maternal ICU admission, respiratory support, and preterm births in pregnant patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections, in order to protect the health of mothers and infants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of Infection with Different SARS-CoV-2 Variants during Pregnancy with Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Deng

Liu

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…2). Twenty-five studies were from populations primarily of European ancestry [9,30,, seventeen studies on East Asians [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77] (note that one of these studies, [75], reports on the same cohort as [74], and therefore was removed from the meta-analysis), eight studies on South Asians [79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86], four studies on Latinos/Hispanics [87][88][89][90], five studies on populations in Africa [91][92][93][94][95], and three studies from the Middle East [96][97][98]. The location of studies, with the prevalence indicated by the color intensity, and the cohort size indicated by the size of the circles, shows that Western countries report the highest prevalence, while studies from East Asia and the Middle East report the lowest prevalence (Fig.…”

Section: Properties Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction with the Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Bartheld

Wang

2022

Preprint

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The omicron variant is thought to cause less olfactory dysfunction than previous variants of SARS-CoV-2, but the reported prevalence differs greatly between populations and studies. Our systematic review and meta-analysis provide information about regional differences in prevalence as well as an estimate of the global prevalence of olfactory dysfunction based on 41 studies reporting on nearly 600,000 patients infected with the omicron variant. Our estimate of the omicron-induced prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in populations of European ancestry is 11.6%, while it is significantly lower in all other populations, at 2.9-5.4%. When ethnic differences and population sizes are taken into account, the global prevalence of omicron-induced hyposmia in adults is estimated at 5.2%. Omicron's effect on olfaction is 3-4fold lower than that of the alpha or delta variant, according to previous meta-analyses and our analysis of studies that directly compared prevalence of olfactory dysfunction between omicron and previous variants. The profile of prevalence differences between ethnicities mirrors the results of a recent genome-wide association study that implicated a gene locus encoding an odorant-metabolizing enzyme, UDP glycosyltransferase, to be linked to the extent of COVID-related loss of smell. Our analysis is consistent with the hypothesis that this enzyme contributes to the observed population differences.

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Different impact of COVID‐19 on symptomatic pregnant and postpartum women in low‐income countries and low‐ and middle‐income countries

Mahajan

Ansari

Munshi

et al. 2023

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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Comparison of maternal and neonatal outcomes of COVID-19 before and after SARS-CoV-2 omicron emergence in maternity facilities in Malawi (MATSurvey): data from a national maternal surveillance platform

Cited by 14 publications

References 32 publications

Association of Infection with Different SARS-CoV-2 Variants during Pregnancy with Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Association of Infection with Different SARS-CoV-2 Variants during Pregnancy with Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction with the Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Different impact of COVID‐19 on symptomatic pregnant and postpartum women in low‐income countries and low‐ and middle‐income countries

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