“…This view is consistent with the observation that when age was added as a covariate in the data analysis, there was no significant difterence between the two groups. A previous sfudy of patients with disc replacement who were compared with patients who had chronic disc-pain and normal healthy pardcipants, also using age as a covariate (Hobbs, et al, 2010), similarly yielded no difterence between the disc-replacement group and healthy group in discrimination of spinal movement. In other research, Lansade, Laporte, Thoreux, Rousseau, Skalli, and Lavaste (2009) found, in a repositioning test for the cervical spine, that proprioception was reduced in the older group (>80 years), and Vuillerme, Pinsault, and Bouvier (2008) reported a similar finding for healthy older adults (M age = 68 yr.) when they were compared with healthy younger adults (M age = 23 yr.).…”