Comparison of Lower Body Specific Resistance Training on the Hamstring to Quadriceps Strength Ratios in Men and Women

Dorgo, Sandor; Edupuganti, Pradeep; Smith, Darla R.; Ortiz, Melchor

doi:10.1080/02701367.2012.10599844

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The results of the present study showed no significant differences in elbow flexors strength gains between college-aged men and women after 10 weeks of RT. Our results are in agreement with previous studies of lower body strength gains between sexes in response to the same RT protocol ( Ivey et al, 2000 ; Galvao et al, 2006 ; Dorgo et al, 2012 ). Similar results were found for Abe et al (2000) , who evaluated the strength gains of upper and lower body by one-repetition maximum (1RM) tests (bench press and leg extension, respectively).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Previous studies reported that men and women performing the same RT regimen did not differ in strength gains, both absolute and relative, for the lower limbs ( Ivey et al, 2000 ; Galvao et al, 2006 ; Dorgo et al, 2012 ). Fisher et al (2014) have recently reported the strength gains of male and female trainees from a private RT facility for both upper and lower body exercises.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Comparison of upper body strength gains between men and women after 10 weeks of resistance training

Gentil

Steele

Pereira

et al. 2016

PeerJ

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Resistance training (RT) offers benefits to both men and women. However, the studies about the differences between men and women in response to an RT program are not conclusive and few data are available about upper body strength response. The aim of this study was to compare elbow flexor strength gains in men and women after 10 weeks of RT. Forty-four college-aged men (22.63 ± 2.34 years) and forty-seven college-aged women (21.62 ± 2.96 years) participated in the study. The RT program was performed two days a week for 10 weeks. Before and after the training period, peak torque (PT) of the elbow flexors was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. PT values were higher in men in comparison to women in pre- and post-tests (p < 0.01). Both males and females significantly increased elbow flexor strength (p < 0.05); however, strength changes did not differ between genders after 10 weeks of RT program (11.61 and 11.76% for men and women, respectively; p > 0.05). Effect sizes were 0.57 and 0.56 for men and women, respectively. In conclusion, the present study suggests that men and women have a similar upper body strength response to RT.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Comparison of upper body strength gains between men and women after 10 weeks of resistance training

Gentil

Steele

Pereira

et al. 2016

PeerJ

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“…HLRT (i.e., resistance training using exercise loads ∼80%–85% 1 repetition maximum) consistently has been reported to result in marked gains in maximal ECC muscle strength. 5 , 12 , 26 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 Moreover, resistance training using maximal ECC muscle contractions or coupled ECC–CONC contractions (i.e., involving stretch–shortening cycle muscle actions) seems to evoke greater gains in maximal ECC muscle strength than CONC training alone. 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 42 , 44 In contrast, maximal ECC muscle strength seems to remain unaffected in response to low-load resistance training, 5 , 33 , 41 , 45 suggesting that the exertion of high muscle forces during training is a key stimulus to inducing adaptive changes in maximal ECC muscle strength.…”

Section: Mechanical Muscle Function During Ecc Muscle Actions Of Maximentioning

confidence: 97%

Spinal and supraspinal control of motor function during maximal eccentric muscle contraction: Effects of resistance training

Aagaard

2018

Journal of Sport and Health Science

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HighlightsNeuromuscular activity is suppressed during maximal eccentric muscle contraction in untrained subjects, evidenced by decreased electromyography signal amplitude, attenuated evoked H-reflex responses, increased autogenic motor neuron inhibition, and decreased excitability in descending corticospinal motor pathways.Heavy-load resistance training yields marked gains in eccentric muscle strength owing to increased excitability of spinal motor neurons, decreased presynaptic or postsynaptic inhibition of spinal motor neurons, and likely also involving elevated descending motor drive from supraspinal centers.Increased eccentric muscle strength induced by heavy-load resistance training provides an important basis for enhanced neuromuscular performance in athletes, as well as nonathletes, including older adults and clinical patients.

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“…For example, as co-activation of the hamstrings will reduce ACL loading (28,33), exercises with higher HQ activation ratios may be preferred during the early rehabilitation after ACL injury or surgery. It has been suggested that HQ strength ratios should be at least 0.6 to prevent ACL and hamstrings injuries (16,23). Choosing exercises with high HQ activation ratios may prevent strength imbalances, and thus injury, to occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle Activation in Unilateral Barbell Exercises: Implications for Strength Training and Rehabilitation

Mausehund¹,

Skard²,

Krosshaug³

2019

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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Mausehund, L, Skard, AE, and Krosshaug, T. Muscle activation in unilateral barbell exercises: Implications for strength training and rehabilitation. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2018-The purpose of the present investigation was to assess lower-body muscle activity and hamstrings-to-quadriceps (HQ) activation ratios during performance of the split squat (SS), single-leg squat (SLS), and rear foot elevated split squat (RFESS), while using the same relative load and performing the exercises to muscular failure. Eleven healthy, moderately strength-trained subjects performed a 6-8 repetition maximum set of each exercise while electromyographic (EMG) activity of the vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, and gluteus medius was recorded. The results show that there were no significant differences in EMG peak activity of the gluteus maximus and vastus lateralis between any of the exercises. Gluteus medius activation was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher during the SLS (81.9% maximum voluntary isometric contraction [MVIC]), compared with the RFESS (54.9% MVIC) and SS (46.2% MVIC). The RFESS elicited higher (p ≤ 0.05) biceps femoris activity (76.1% MVIC) than the SS (62.3% MVIC), as well as higher (p ≤ 0.05) HQ activation ratios (0.83) than the SS (0.69) and SLS (0.63). During the SLS and the SS, HQ activation ratios increased significantly in the course of the repetition maximum set. In conclusion, although absolute loading differs between exercises, similar training stimuli of the gluteus maximus and quadriceps femoris can be expected for all exercises. The SLS is likely to induce the greatest improvements in gluteus medius strength, whereas the RFESS should be preferred if high hamstring coactivation is desired. To improve validity in EMG studies, strength training exercises should be performed close to failure while using the same relative loading.

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Comparison of Lower Body Specific Resistance Training on the Hamstring to Quadriceps Strength Ratios in Men and Women

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

Comparison of upper body strength gains between men and women after 10 weeks of resistance training

Comparison of upper body strength gains between men and women after 10 weeks of resistance training

Spinal and supraspinal control of motor function during maximal eccentric muscle contraction: Effects of resistance training

Muscle Activation in Unilateral Barbell Exercises: Implications for Strength Training and Rehabilitation

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