Comparison of lignans and phenolic acids in different varieties of germinated flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluate the biosynthesis and accumulation of lignans, phenolic acids and also the antioxidant activities in 15 varieties of flax sprouts. The differential contents of lignans (13.30-8987 lg g À1) and phenolic acids (72.55-597.1 lg g À1) among 15 varieties of flax sprouts were observed. The total antioxidant activities ranged from 147.2 to 332.8 lmol TE g À1 in the flax sprouts. The expression levels of five genes in the lignin synthetic pathway were analysed using RT-qPCR, and the results showed dramatical differences among different flax sprouts. Relatively dispersed analysis was showed by principal component analysis (PCA), and 15 flax sprouts were grouped by hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) based on their phenolic acids, lignan compounds, length, gene expression and antioxidants after germination, primarily in relation to variety specificity. Present results would be instructive guidance for bio-fortification breeding and functional foods innovation in flaxseeds.

Can Light Spectrum Composition Increase Growth and Nutritional Quality of Linum usitatissimum L. Sprouts and Microgreens?

“…Similarly, the sprout flavonoid content detected in our study was higher than that reported by Wang et al [35] and very close to the findings of Wang et al [18]. Besides, the chlorogenic acid content reported in sprouts resulted higher compared to the content found by Wu et al [36] in flax sprouts. Wang et al [18] investigated the dynamic of accumulation of phytochemical compounds in flaxseed sprouts during germination.…”

“…In our experiments, the dry matter content of flax sprouts was higher than the values reported by Wang et al [18,35] and Wu et al [36], and lower than those reported by Narina et al [17], showing that the dry matter content of flax sprouts could be quite variable, ranging from 5.5 [36] to 24% [17]. The lower dry matter content observed in our study in comparison with Narina et al [17] could be due to the older sprouts harvested in our experiment (7 vs. 4 days in [17]).…”

“…Microgreens could be more attractive for consumers than sprouts due to their higher content of photosynthetic pigments, which could be due to the longer light exposure [39] and to the higher ratio between the leaf biomass and stem plus roots, the latter with a lower content of pigments. Total phenolic content in sprouts detected in our experiment results were higher compared to the values reported by Wu et al [36], although the chlorogenic acid content was in the range reported by the same authors. Similarly, the sprout flavonoid content detected in our study was higher than that reported by Wang et al [35] and very close to the findings of Wang et al [18].…”

Supplemental UV-B Exposure Influences the Biomass and the Content of Bioactive Compounds in Linum usitatissimum L. Sprouts and Microgreens

“…An increase in the moisture content of flaxseed sprouts following germination was observed also by Wang et al [26] and, in several amaranth cultivars, by Ebert et al [37]. Compared to other studies in the literature, the dry matter content of sprouts in our work was higher than that reported by Wang et al [26,38] and Wu et al [39], who found a ~10% dry matter content regardless of the flaxseed cultivars. Contrarily, Narina et al [25] found a slightly lower moisture content in 4-day-old sprouts of 'Rahab-94', 'Pembina', and 'Linott' flaxseed cultivars (76.58% average content) compared to our results, probably due to the older developmental stage of our flaxseed sprouts.…”

Biological functions of lignans in plants

“…The value of the global lignan market is expected to exceed $90 million by 2026 (Global Market Insights, Inc 2020). In nowadays, there are efforts to determine the lignan content depending on a particular genotype for bio-fortification breeding purposes and functional foods innovation (Wu et al 2021).…”