Comparison of jetting-related microstructures associated with hypervelocity impact crater formation in copper targets and copper shaped charges

Comparison of the Microstructure of Machined and Laser Sintered Shaped Charge Liner in the Hydrodynamic Regime

“…Under high strain/strain rate conditions, severe plastic deformation of the liner gives rise to nucleation and growth of new grains by continuous accumulation of dislocations [4]. During this process, low angle boundaries are being transformed into high angle boundaries accompanied by subdivision of original grains into small, sometimes equiaxed grains with significant microstructural refinement [5]. Although the resultant microstructure is controlled by the degree of deformation [1], it is influenced majorly by the strain/strain rate as well as the deformation temperature (itself a function of the nature of load on the liner) which varies along the jet length [5,6].…”

Twinning behavior and lattice rotation in a Mg–Gd–Y–Zr alloy under ballistic impact

“…Analysis of phenomena such as dislocation slip, deformation twinning, recrystallization, phase transformation, amorphization, and micro-hardness evolution, is available in the literature for steel [6][7][8][9][10], copper [1,[11][12][13], aluminum alloys [13][14][15][16], and titanium alloys [17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Characterization of adiabatic shear bands in the zirconium alloy impacted by split Hopkinson pressure bar at a strain rate of 6000s−1

“…Thus, the ASBs should be paid great attention due to fact that the ASBs can be regarded as an important plastic deformation mechanism of the materials subjected to the dynamic loadings. At present, the ASBs caused by strain localization have been observed in many materials, including cubic crystal structure steel and stainless steel [10][11][12][13], Al and Al alloy [14,15], copper alloy [16,17], Ta alloy [18], Ni alloy [19], hexagonal crystal structure Ti and Ti alloy [20][21][22][23], Mg alloy [24,25], Zr alloy [26,27], as well as composites [28,29], metallic glass [30,31], etc. Thermal accumulation in the local zone caused by dynamic plastic deformation because of insufficient heat diffusion is considered as the dominant mechanism, leading to the formation and evolution of the ASBs in various materials.…”