Comparison of Isoflurane and Halothane in Outpatient Paediatric Dental Anaesthesia

Propofol Anesthesia for Children Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging

“…20 A similar model with isoflurane has not been evaluated, but isoflurane is known to irritate the upper airway in children. 16,21,22 Furthermore, we removed the LMA at a deep level of anesthesia, a maneuver that has been associated with fewer adverse airway events than its removal in the awake state. 16,23 This may have further decreased the difference in the rates of adverse airway events between the 2 treatments.…”

A comparison of the recovery characteristics of sevoflurane and halothane in children

“…The lower blood gas solubility of sevoflurane is probably the major factor to account for the rapid recovery but other factors may also be important. Despite the lower blood gas solubility of isoflurane, children may recover more quickly after halothane [6].…”

Pharmacology of inhalational anaesthetics in infants and children*

“…Favourable physicochemical properties (Lerman et al 1984;Lerman et al 1986) (Table 1) might lead us to anticipate that these anaesthetics would facilitate a more rapid induction of anaesthesia than would halothane. However, the irritant effects of isoflurane, enflurane and desflurane on the upper airway and their depressant effects on the respiratory system more than offset the favourable physicochemical properties (Fisher et al 1985;Pandit, Steude & Leach 1985;McAteer et al 1986;Phillips, Brimacornbe & Simpson 1988;Taylor & Lerman 1992;Zwass et al 1992). The irritant effects of isoflurane and desflurane on the upper airway are manifested in greater incidences of breathholding, coughing, salivation, excitement, laryngospasm and arterial oxygen desaturation when compared with halothane.…”