Comparison of intracellular trace element distributions in the liver and gills of the invasive freshwater fish species, Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio Bloch, 1782)

Metal-binding biomolecules in the liver of northern pike (Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758): The first data for the family Esocidae

“…In addition, the comparison of the results obtained for northern pike liver to previously gathered data for European and Vardar chub as the representatives of the family Leuciscidae, Prussian carp as the representative of the family Cyprinidae, and brown trout as a representative of the family Salmonidae, will enable to more closely establish the extent of the variability in metal distributions among various cytosolic biomolecules that can be expected among different fish families. We have previously determined that there is evident difference in intracellular behaviour of several metals between fish belonging to families Leuciscidae, Cyprinidae and Salmonidae, probably due to specificities of their physiology, life habits and feeding (Dragun et al, 2020). Our results will thus show to which of these families northern pike, as an esocid fish, resembles more closely regarding the metal handling strategies.…”

“…The samplings were performed by electrofishing device Hans Grassl (EL63 II GI, 5.0 KW, 137 Honda GX270, 300/600V max., 27/15A max.) in accordance with the Croatian standard HRN EN 14011 (2005), as described by Dragun et al (2020). The fish were immediately euthanized at the location of the sampling, using unbuffered tricaine methane sulphonate (MS 222, Sigma Aldrich) and following the Ordinance on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes (NN 55/2013), as well as the previously reported exposure conditions (Dragun et al, 2020).…”

“…in accordance with the Croatian standard HRN EN 14011 (2005), as described by Dragun et al (2020). The fish were immediately euthanized at the location of the sampling, using unbuffered tricaine methane sulphonate (MS 222, Sigma Aldrich) and following the Ordinance on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes (NN 55/2013), as well as the previously reported exposure conditions (Dragun et al, 2020). Prior to liver dissection, the total fish masses and lengths were measured, their condition indices were calculated, their sex was determined by gonad examination at macroscopic level, and colour of their liver were registered (Table 1).…”

“…hepatic cytosols, additionally containing only microsomes (Bonneris et al, 2005). The entire procedure was performed under ice-cold conditions, and all the necessary preconditions were applied to avoid/limit the equilibrium change among trace elements and biomacromolecules in the cells/tissues (Szpunar et al, 2003;Dragun et al, 2020).…”

“…More systematic approaches, which would provide deeper insight in behaviour of higher number of metals within the organs and cells of various fish species, are not often encountered. In recent years, our research group have initiated a series of investigations on few organs (liver, gills, intestine) of several fish species (European and Vardar chub (Squalius cephalus and Squalius vardarensis; Krasnići et al, 2013Krasnići et al, , 2014Krasnići et al, , 2018Krasnići et al, , 2019, Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio; Dragun et al, 2020;Mijošek et al, 2021), brown trout (Salmo trutta; Dragun et al, 2018)), to describe the distribution of a number of metals among the cytosolic biomolecules of different molecular masses by use of SEC-HPLC and high resolution (HR) ICP-MS. Similar type of studies was so far conducted by only few researchers, and encompassed analyses on fish organs (liver of juvenile yellow perch (Perca flavescens; Caron et al 2018); liver and gonads of white suckers (Catostomus commersonii; Urien et al, 2018)) and on the other aquatic organisms (Perna perna mussels: gills (Hauser-Davis et al, 2021) and muscle and digestive gland (Lavradas et al, 2016); Mytilus galloprovincialis mussels -digestive gland (Strižak et al, 2014); marine crustaceans (Li et al, 2005)).…”