Comparison of intra-articular and subacromial corticosteroid injection in frozen shoulder: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Frozen shoulder

“…IA steroid injections are associated with better pain relief compared with subacromial injections 21. Interestingly, a 2021 clinical trial found that, even though ultrasound guided IA injections were associated with greater accuracy than blind IA injections, no difference was seen between them in pain and functional outcome scores 22…”

Treatment effect and mechanism of Fu's subcutaneous needling among patients with shoulder pain: A retrospective pilot study

“…The physiological basis of shoulder pain is very complicated. It can be caused by various reasons, poststroke (Holmes et al, 2020), rotator cuff injury (Sir & Eksert, 2019), subacromial bursitis (Chen et al, 2019), and heart disease (Mizokami et al, 2016). However, it is often seen that many patients with shoulder pain may not be categorized based on various clinical examinations including ultrasound, MRI or X ray examination.…”

“…There are many conditions that may induce shoulder pain, such as cerebrovascular accidents (Holmes, McManus, Koulouglioti, & Hale, 2020), rotator cuff injury (Sir & Eksert, 2019), subacromial bursitis (Chen, Jiang, & Huang, 2019), and heart disease (Mizokami et al, 2016). The pathogenesis of shoulder pain can be difficult to identify based on consensus or diagnostic criteria and can be a confounding problem for many practitioners.…”

“…However, in many patients, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are unable to completely or temporarily relieve pain. Physical modalities, such as extracorporeal shockwave therapy (Muthukrishnan, Rashid, & Al-Alkharji, 2019) or electrical stimulation (Lin et al, 2019), may have temporary symptom-relief effects (Chen et al, 2019). Therefore, since pain without a clear etiology remains a challenge for physicians and rehabilitation professionals, exploring new approaches for treating shoulder pain is needed.…”

Optimizing Pain Control and Function in Patients With Adhesive Capsulitis by Choosing the Best Injection Site

“…Adhesive capsulitis, commonly referred to as frozen shoulder, is a relatively common condition that results in significant pain and limitation of active and passive range of motion of the glenohumeral joint. [1][2][3] It has been estimated to affect less than 1% to 5% of the general population but up to 20% of patients with diabetes. [1][2][3] The condition is thought to be caused by an initial musculotendinous or tenosynovitis inflammatory process that then leads to capsular thickening and adhesion formation, although this historically accepted pathophysiology has started to be questioned.…”