Comparison of integrated field programmes for the reduction of fumonisin contamination in maize kernels

Blandino, Massimo; Reyneri, Amedeo; Colombari, G.; Pietri, Amedeo

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2009.01.004

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These results are consistent with those of Ross et al (1992), Blandino et al (2009) and Cavaliere et al (2007) in Italy, indicating a high contamination level and an elevated number of positive samples, typical of growing areas with a temperate climate (Soriano and Dragacci 2004). Moreover, other studies have recorded high incidence levels of fumonisins in Italy of up to approximately 52.0 mg/kg (Pietri et al 2004).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Levels of total fumonisins in maize samples from Italy during 2006–2008

Berardo¹,

Lanzanova²,

Locatelli³

et al. 2011

Food Additives and Contaminants: Part B

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We analysed a total of 2258 grain samples over a 3-year period (2006-2008) from 93 storage centers in the principal maize cultivation area of Italy to establish the levels of fumonisin contamination. Fumonisin concentrations were measured using ELISA (RIDASCREEN) fumonisin test kits. Mean levels of contamination were remarkably high in each year, with the highest value in 2006 (10.9 mg/kg) and the lowest in 2008 (4.8 mg/kg). Similarly, for each year, variations were quite large: from

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Levels of total fumonisins in maize samples from Italy during 2006–2008

Berardo¹,

Lanzanova²,

Locatelli³

et al. 2011

Food Additives and Contaminants: Part B

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“…sites A and D). FER and fumonisin contamination have also been significantly reduced by chemical control (De Curtis et al, 2011) and appropriate crop management (Blandino et al, 2008;Blandino et al, 2009). It may be possible to improve the control of this disease by combining the appropriate crop management and seed inoculation with B25 before sowing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Bacillus cereus sensu lato strain B25 controls maize stalk and ear rot in Sinaloa, Mexico

Lizárraga-Sánchez

Leyva‐Madrigal

Sánchez-Peña

et al. 2015

Field Crops Research

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“…In fact, the delay of sowing, and consequently of kernel ripening, may result in more favourable conditions for the development of Fusarium species in the final part of ripening, and may prolong the kernel dry down (Doohan et al, 2003;Nielsen et al, 2002). Moreover, the late sowing time resulted in a higher level of ECB damage of the ears , and the damage of this insect is not only clearly correlated to fumonisin occurrence (Munkvold, 2003;Blandino et al, 2009a), but also to the presence of BIK, FUS, FA, MON and BEA (Blandino et al, 2015). Late sowing shifts the ear development phase of the crop to a period with greater insect activities, and this produces more kernel injuries due to ECB larvae, which in turn favours a higher F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum infection (Blandino et al, 2009b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the agricultural practices employed in maize cultivation, the application of an early sowing time is one of those which has shown the most important impact on the reduction in the risk of mycotoxin contamination. Several studies have shown the clear need for an early sowing time to reduce the risk of contamination by fumonisins (Blandino et al, 2009a(Blandino et al, , 2009b(Blandino et al, , 2009cCamardo Leggieri et al, 2015;Parson and Munkvold, 2012), which are the main mycotoxins commonly detected in maize grain in temperate areas. In addition to fumonisins, it has also been observed that the application of a delayed sowing time may be responsible for an increase in deoxynivalenol (Blandino et al, 2009b) and aflatoxin (Camardo Leggieri et al, 2015) contamination in maize kernels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of sowing time, hybrid and environmental conditions on the contamination of maize by emerging mycotoxins and fungal metabolites

et al. 2017

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Mycotoxins and other fungal metabolites represent the most insidious safety risks to cereal food and the feed chain. Optimising agronomic practices is one of the main strategies adopted to minimise the contents of these undesirable substances in grain-based commodities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the combination of sowing times and hybrids on the occurrence of emerging mycotoxins and fungal metabolites in maize. Field experiments were carried out in 2 sowing times (early vs late) and 3 maize hybrids were compared in the 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. Overall, 37 fungal metabolites produced by Fusarium and Alternaria species were detected. Apart from fumonisins type B (FBs), other metabolites produced by Fusarium verticillioides and F. proliferatum, such as fumonisins type A, fusaric acid, bikaverin and fusaproliferin, were also detected in all of the samples. Fusarin C was found in 61% of the samples. Deoxynivalenol (DON), deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside, culmorin and zearalenone, all of which are produced prevalently by Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum, were found in all the samples. Their contents were clearly affected by the meteorological trend: the highest contamination was detected in the 2014 growing season, which was characterised by abundant rainfall and lower temperatures from flowering to maize ripening. Among the mycotoxins produced by other Fusarium species, aurofusarin was found to clearly be associated with DON, while moniliformin and beauvericin followed the same behaviour as the FBs.A late sowing time significantly increased the FBs and fumonisin-associated mycotoxins in both growing seasons. The increase in contamination with the delay of sowing was more pronounced in the 2015 growing season, as the environmental conditions were less favourable to the infection of other Fusarium species. The effect of sowing time on DON and DON-associated mycotoxins produced conflicting results for the two growing seasons, because contamination by these metabolites depends more on the conditions that occur during maize flowering than those that occur during ripening. A clearer hybrid susceptibility was observed for these compounds. Other metabolites, such as enniatins, equisetin, T-2 and HT-2 toxins and Alternaria toxins, were always found in traces. The occurrence of these metabolites seems to be influenced less by the considered agronomic practices.The results, obtained under naturally-infected field conditions, underline the key role that the sowing date and hybrid susceptibility play in influencing, in a variable way, the contamination of mycotoxins produced by different Fusarium species in maize subjected to different meteorological conditions. The content of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp. section Liseola is more directly and steadily related to late sowing time, while the contamination of mycotoxins associated to Fusarium spp. section Discolor depends more strongly on the environmental conditions at maize flowering and on hybrid susceptibility.

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Comparison of integrated field programmes for the reduction of fumonisin contamination in maize kernels

Cited by 36 publications

References 29 publications

Levels of total fumonisins in maize samples from Italy during 2006–2008

Levels of total fumonisins in maize samples from Italy during 2006–2008

Bacillus cereus sensu lato strain B25 controls maize stalk and ear rot in Sinaloa, Mexico

Impact of sowing time, hybrid and environmental conditions on the contamination of maize by emerging mycotoxins and fungal metabolites

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