Comparison of injuries in elite senior and junior Australian football

Orchard, John; Wood, Tim; Seward, Hugh; Broad, Adam

doi:10.1016/s1440-2440(98)80016-9

Cited by 104 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…When compared with the professional AFL level, elite under 18 junior football players were found to have a higher overall injury incidence but the prevalence was higher in the AFL. The prevalence was less for hamstring injuries but higher for stress fractures and concussion in the under 18 football players [19].…”

Section: Injury Incidence and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 86%

“…It was generally found that injury incidence and severity increased with age level in the junior ranks from under 10 to under 18, with fewer injuries in the younger age groups because of modified rules that limited body contact, ground size and player numbers [11,12]. The most common injuries at the junior levels were muscle strains [11], particularly hamstring and groin [9,19]; ligament or joint sprains [11], particularly ankle [9]; and contusions or haematomas [11,12,16], particularly thigh [19]. When compared with the professional AFL level, elite under 18 junior football players were found to have a higher overall injury incidence but the prevalence was higher in the AFL.…”

Section: Injury Incidence and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mouthguards are widely recommended and are commonly worn by ARF players, and there is evidence from community-level football that they can reduce head/orofacial injuries, particularly custom-fitted mouthguards [22]. Thigh contusions or haematomas are Hours missed per 1,000 hours or games missed per club per season common injuries [19,21] that tend to occur from contact with an opponent's knee, most are mild injuries, some can be severe and all cause performance impairment [23]. The frequent occurrence of these injuries prompted research into the development of a test device to assess impact force attenuation of thigh pads [24], as well as a prospective study with elite junior footballers that found thigh pads effective in preventing thigh haematomas [23].…”

Section: Protective Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although ankle injuries are one of the most common injuries [9,10,19,21] and knee injuries one of the most severe [10,21], only one study has examined potential risk factors for these specific joint injuries [3]. Low balance ability, as measured by postural sway during single limb balance while stepping onto a foam mat on top of a force platform, was found to be associated with an increased risk of ankle joint injury but not knee joint injury.…”

Section: Modifiable Intrinsic Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Injury Incidence, Risk Factors and Prevention in Australian Rules Football

Hrysomallis

2013

Sports Med

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Along with the enjoyment and the other positive benefits of sport participation, there is also the risk of injury that is elevated in contact sport. This review provides a summary of injury incidence in Australian rules football (ARF), identifies injury risk factors, assesses the efficacy of interventions to reduce injury risk and makes recommendations for future research. The most common injuries were found to be muscle strains, particularly hamstrings; joint ligament sprains, especially ankle; haematomas and concussion. The most severe joint injury was anterior cruciate ligament rupture. Mouthguards are commonly worn and have been shown to reduce orofacial injury. There is evidence that thigh pads can reduce the incidence of thigh haematomas. There is a reluctance to wear padded headgear and an attempt to assess its effectiveness was unsuccessful due to low compliance. The most readily identified risk factor was a history of that injury. There were conflicting findings as to the influence strength imbalances or deficit has on hamstring injury risk in ARF. Static hamstring flexibility was not related to risk but low hip flexor/quadriceps flexibility increased hamstring injury risk. High lower-limb and high hamstring stiffness were associated with an elevated risk of hamstring injury. Since stiffness can be modulated through strength or flexibility training, this provides an area for future intervention studies. Low postural balance ability was related to a greater risk of ankle injury in ARF, players with poor balance should be targeted for balance training. There are preliminary data signifying a link between deficiencies in hip range of motion and hip adductor strength with groin pain or injury. This provides support for future investigation into the effectiveness of an intervention for high-risk players on groin injury rate. Low cross-sectional area of core-region muscle has been associated with more severe injuries and a motor control exercise intervention that increased core muscle size and function resulted in fewer games missed due to injury. A randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of eccentric hamstring exercise in decreasing hamstring injury rate in ARF players was unsuccessful due to poor compliance from muscle soreness; a progressive eccentric training intervention for ARF should be given future consideration. Jump and landing training reduced injury risk in junior ARF players and it would be advisable to include this component as part of a neuromuscular training intervention. A multifaceted programme of sport-specific drills for hamstring flexibility while fatigued, sport skills that load the hamstrings and high-intensity interval training to mimic match playing conditions showed some success in reducing the incidence of hamstring injuries in ARF. A countermeasure designed to reduce injury risk is more likely to be adopted by coaches and players if it also has the scope to enhance performance.

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Section: Injury Incidence and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Injury Incidence and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Protective Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modifiable Intrinsic Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Injury Incidence, Risk Factors and Prevention in Australian Rules Football

Hrysomallis

2013

Sports Med

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“…Given the proposed relationship 35 between muscle strain magnitude and the aetiology of 36 muscle strain injuries the current investigation provides 37 insight regarding the high incidence of hamstring strain 38 injuries in soccer (Orchard, et al, 1998;Orchard & 39 Seward, 2002;Seward, et al, 1993). Nonetheless, the 40 statistical analysis showed that the biceps femoris LH, 41 semimembranosus and semitendinosus muscles of the 42 dominant limb experience significantly greater strain, 43 leading to the conclusion that kicking with the dominant 44 limb may place soccer players at increased risk from ham-45 string strain injury.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Side to side differences in hamstring muscle kinematics during maximal instep soccer kicking

Sinclair

2015

Mov Sport Sci/Sci Mot

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Abstract. Hamstring strains are a common non-contact injury in soccer. The current study investigates bilateral differences in hamstring kinematics during maximal instep kicking. Thirteen male soccer players performed maximal instep kicks with their dominant and non-dominant limbs. Muscle-tendon kinematics of the four hamstring muscles during the kick movement were quantified using OpenSim software. Differences between dominant and non-dominant limbs were examined using paired t-tests. The results revealed that the biceps femoris long head (dominant = 165.28. ± 62.46 & non-dominant = 137.65 ± 52.17%), semimembranosus (dominant = 220.75 ± 43.35 & non-dominant = 131.23 ± 36.74%) and semitendinosus (dominant = 90.95 ± 16.69% and nondominant = 80.47 ± 15.99%) experienced significantly greater strain when using the dominant limb. The current investigation provides key information regarding the mechanics of the hamstring group during maximal instep kicking, indicating that kicking with the dominant limb may place soccer players at increased risk from hamstring strain injury.Key words: Hamstring, soccer, muscle-tendon, muscle strain Résumé. Différence bilatérale dans la cinématique des ischio-jambiers lors d'une frappe au pied chez des joueurs de football masculin.Les blessures aux muscles ischio-jambiers sont classiques au football. La présente étude analyse les différences bilatérales dans la cinématique des ischio-jambiers lors d'une frappe du pied maximale en football. Treize joueurs de football masculins ont réalisé des frappes maximales avec leurs membres dominants et non dominants. La cinématique du complexe muscle-tendon de quatre muscles des ischio-jambiers a été analysée lors du mouvement en utilisant le logiciel OpenSim. Les différences entre les membres dominants et non dominants ont été examinées à l'aide de tests t appariés. Les résultats ont révélé que les longs biceps fémoraux (côté dominant = 165,28 ± 62,46 ; côté non dominant = 137,65 ± 52,17 %), les semi-membraneux (côté dominant = 220,75 ± 43,35 ; côté non dominant = 131,23 ± 36,74 %) et les semi-tendineux (côté dominant = 90,95 ± 16,69 ; côté non dominant = 80,47 ± 15,99 %) subissent plus de contraintes lorsque le membre dominant est utilisé. Ces données fournissent des informations relatives à la mécanique des ischio-jambiers pendant une frappe maximale du pied et indiquent qu'une frappe avec le membre dominant en football peut entrainer des risques accrus de blessures au niveau des ischio-jambiers.

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Rehabilitation from Hip and Groin Surgery

Moore

2013

The Young Adult Hip in Sport

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Comparison of injuries in elite senior and junior Australian football

Cited by 104 publications

References 4 publications

Injury Incidence, Risk Factors and Prevention in Australian Rules Football

Injury Incidence, Risk Factors and Prevention in Australian Rules Football

Side to side differences in hamstring muscle kinematics during maximal instep soccer kicking

Rehabilitation from Hip and Groin Surgery

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