Comparison of Induction, Maintenance, and Recovery Characteristics of Sevoflurane-N2O and Propofol-Sevoflurane-N2O With Propofol-Isoflurane-N2O Anesthesia

Smith, Ian; Ding, Yi; White, Paul F.

doi:10.1213/00000539-199202000-00015

Cited by 154 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…The study was not sufficiently powerful to detect any significant increase in this variable. If during stage II, a 5-mm 2 .min 21 increase in activity is considered significant (from the activity level seen during preoxygenation), then using Altman's nomogram [11] (and SD 4.6), 30 volunteers would be needed for a power of 80% and a significance level of 0.05. At the end of stage II, plasma epinephrine levels were unchanged from baseline in both groups but plasma norepinephrine levels were increased significantly, the increase being the same in both groups (Table 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction characteristics with 3% and 8% sevoflurane in adults: an evaluation of the second stage of anaesthesia and its haemodynamic consequences

2000

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SummaryThe second stage of anaesthesia was examined during 3 and 8% sevoflurane induction to see if any shortening of its duration was at the expense of cardiovascular stability. Fourteen volunteers underwent consecutive, randomly ordered inductions. Pupil size, skin sympathetic activity, plasma catecholamines, blood pressure and heart rate were measured. Eight per cent sevoflurane produced significantly shorter times to loss of consciousness (mean 68 s (SD 18) vs. mean 150 s (SD38)) and durations of second stage (mean 58 s (SD 38) vs. mean 91 s (SD 46)). Blood pressure, heart rate and sympathetic nerve responses were the same in both groups. Compared with baseline, skin sympathetic activity was greatest during pre-oxygenation (not significant) and unaltered during second stage. Both groups showed significantly increased plasma norepinephrine and heart rate and decreased blood pressure from baseline. Eight per cent sevoflurane induction produced a shorter second stage than 3% with equal cardiovascular stability and the same sympathetic response.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction characteristics with 3% and 8% sevoflurane in adults: an evaluation of the second stage of anaesthesia and its haemodynamic consequences

2000

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“…Standard monitoring was used, including relaxometry and BIS (BIS XP, Aspect Medical Systems, Natick, MA). Five minutes before induction of anaesthesia, psychomotor and cognitive function were assessed using the Trieger Dot Test and Digit Symbol Substitution Test [9,10]. For the Trieger Dot Test, patients have to connect printed dots on a paper sheet within 1 min; missed dots and the distance line-dot (mm) are noted [11].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propofol/remifentanil vs sevoflurane/remifentanil for long lasting surgical procedures: a randomised controlled trial

et al. 2006

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SummaryWe compared the haemodynamics, emergence and recovery characteristics of total intravenous anaesthesia using propofol ⁄ remifentanil with sevoflurane ⁄ remifentanil anaesthesia, under bispectral index guidance, in 103 patients undergoing surgical procedures lasting > 3.5 h. Time to tracheal extubation was significantly shorter in the propofol group than in the sevoflurane group (mean (SD) 8.3 (3.5) min vs 10.8 (4.6) min, respectively; p = 0.0024), but further recovery was comparable in both groups. There were no significant differences in haemodynamic parameters, intensity of pain or postoperative nausea and vomiting. During and after anaesthesia of comparable depth for long lasting surgical procedures, both propofol ⁄ remifentanil and sevoflurane ⁄ remifentanil enable haemodynamic stability and fast emergence. The shorter time to extubation in the propofol group does not offer a relevant clinical advantage.

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“…In (25,27,28), and desflurane ([F-] = 0.9 AM) (30). The activation energies were calculated as described above and are shown in Table 2.…”

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confidence: 99%

Designing safer chemicals: predicting the rates of metabolism of halogenated alkanes.

Yin

Anders

Korzekwa

et al. 1995

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A computational model is presented that can be used as a tool in the design of safer chemicals. This model predicts the rate of hydrogen-atom abstraction by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Excellent correlations between biotransformation rates and the calculated activation energies (AHact) of the cytochrome P450-mediated hydrogen-atom abstractions were obtained for the in vitro biotransformation of six halogenated alkanes (1-fluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, 1,1-difluoro-1,2,2-trichloroethane, 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-2-chloroethane, 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane, and 2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane) with both rat and human enzyme preparations: ln(rate, rat liver microsomes) = The design of chemicals with lowest possible toxicity would decrease the damage to the environment; decrease the costs of production, health care, and site remediation; and increase the safety in the workplace (1). Although many factors are involved in the design of safer chemicals, one significant aspect is the prediction of rates of bioactivation of protoxins and procarcinogens to toxic metabolites (2). Bioactivation plays a major role in the toxicity of many chemicals, and the most important enzymes involved are the cytochromes P450 (CYPs) (2). The CYP enzymes catalyze the activation of molecular oxygen to a reactive monooxygen species (3), which can oxidize a variety of compounds (4). The transition state for the hydrogen-atom abstraction reaction is not, however, stabilized by the enzyme (3). Furthermore, the energetics of the active oxygen species is conserved among the several CYP enzymes studied (5). These factors make the CYP enzymes ideal candidates for predictive computational methods.We describe herein the application of a computational method for predicting the CYP-mediated oxidation rates of halogenated alkanes. Developing strategies for the design of safer halogenated alkanes is a particularly relevant objective, since hydro (chloro) Chemicals. 1-Fluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (HCFC-121), 1,1-difluoro-1,2,2-trichloroethane (HCFC-122), 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (HCFC-123), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-2-chloroethane (HCFC-124), pentafluoroethane (HFC-125), dichlorofluoroacetic acid, and chlorodifluoroacetic acid were obtained from PCR Research Chemicals (Gainesville, FL) and were used as received. 2-Bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroeth-

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Comparison of Induction, Maintenance, and Recovery Characteristics of Sevoflurane-N2O and Propofol-Sevoflurane-N2O With Propofol-Isoflurane-N2O Anesthesia

Cited by 154 publications

References 0 publications

Induction characteristics with 3% and 8% sevoflurane in adults: an evaluation of the second stage of anaesthesia and its haemodynamic consequences

Induction characteristics with 3% and 8% sevoflurane in adults: an evaluation of the second stage of anaesthesia and its haemodynamic consequences

Propofol/remifentanil vs sevoflurane/remifentanil for long lasting surgical procedures: a randomised controlled trial

Designing safer chemicals: predicting the rates of metabolism of halogenated alkanes.

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