Comparison of Induction and PM Synchronous Motor Drives for EV Application Including Design Examples

Abstract

Three different motor drives for electric traction are compared, in terms of output power and efficiency at same stack dimensions and inverter size. Induction motor, surface mounted permanent magnet (SPM) and interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous motor drives are investigated, with reference to a common vehicle specification. The induction motor is penalized by the cage loss but it is less expensive and inherently safe in case of inverter unwilled turn-off due to natural de-excitation. The SPM motor has a simple construction and shorter end-connections, but it is penalized by eddy current loss at high speed, has a very limited transient overload power and has a high uncontrolled generator voltage. The IPM motor shows the better performance compromise, but it might be the more complicated to be manufactured. Analytical relationships are first introduced and then validated on three example designs, Finite-Element calculated, accounting for core saturation, harmonic losses, the effects of skewing and operating temperature. The merits and limitations of the three solutions are quantified comprehensively and summarized by calculation of the energy consumption over the standard NEDC driving cycle.

Application of Fractional-Slot Concentrated Windings to Synchronous Reluctance Motors

“…Permanent magnet based brushless-DC motors, have been heavily explored, such as those in [2][3][4]. Induction motor drives have also been considered [5,6] and there has been a recent resurgence in switched reluctance (SRM) technology for future traction applications. The SynRM on the other hand is another alternative and the permanent-magnet assisted SynRM (PMASynRM) has raised some interest in this area [7].…”

Aplicação de Motores Síncronos de Ímanes Permanentes e Motores de Indução em Veículos Elétricos

“…Por seu lado, os MSIP e os MRC são conceções mais recentes, cujas aplicações para VH e VE têm merecido um enorme interesse da parte da comunidade científica e dos fabricantes: a vasta quantidade de trabalhos publicados nos últimos anos confirma este facto, de que são exemplos as referências [8], [9]. compreendem-se os esforços que têm vindo a ser desenvolvidos na procura de soluções que possam simplificar a estrutura mecânica, sobretudo nos VE [13].…”

Structural design optimization of a high speed synchronous reluctance machine

“…INTRODUCTION Synchronous reluctance (SyR) machines are currently experiencing a revamped industrial interest mainly because when compared to the more common induction machines (IM), they can achieve considerable volume reduction and/or an improvement in operational efficiency [1]. Along with the higher efficiency, high transient overload capability [2], simple rotor construction and no need of rare earth permanent magnets are the other main advantages of SyR machines which make them a low cost alternative. On the other hand, high torque ripple, low power factor and a slightly reduced flux weakening range (compared to an IM drive having the same converter kVA rating) are its main disadvantages.…”